Department of Psychology, University of Vermont.
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2019 Jan;116(1):101-118. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000163. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Three studies investigated the effects of meditation on responses to reminders of death. Study 1 took a quasi-experimental approach, comparing defensive responses to mortality salience (MS) of South Korean participants with varying levels of experience with Buddhism and meditation. Whereas non-Buddhists without meditation showed the typical increase in worldview defense after mortality salience (MS), this effect was not found among non-Buddhists immediately after an initial meditation experience, nor among lay Buddhists who meditated regularly or Buddhist monks with intensive meditation experience. Study 2, a fully randomized experiment, showed that MS increased worldview defense among South Koreans at a meditation training who were assessed before meditating but not among participants assessed after their first meditation experience. Study 3 showed that whereas American students without prior meditation experience showed increased worldview defense and suppression of death-related thoughts after MS, these effects were eliminated immediately after an initial meditation experience. Death thought accessibility mediated the effect of MS on worldview defense without meditation, but meditation eliminated this mediation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
三项研究调查了冥想对死亡提醒反应的影响。研究 1 采用了准实验方法，比较了具有不同佛教和冥想经验的韩国参与者对死亡凸显（MS）的防御反应。非佛教徒在经历 MS 后，世界观防御明显增强，但在首次冥想体验后，非佛教徒和经常冥想的佛教徒以及有密集冥想经验的佛教僧侣中并未发现这种现象。研究 2 是一项完全随机的实验，表明在冥想训练中，MS 增加了韩国人的世界观防御，而在冥想前评估的参与者中则没有增加，而在首次冥想体验后评估的参与者中则没有增加。研究 3 表明，没有预先冥想经验的美国学生在经历 MS 后，世界观防御和对死亡相关想法的抑制增加，但在首次冥想体验后，这些效应立即消失。在没有冥想的情况下，MS 对世界观防御的影响通过死亡思维的可及性来介导，但冥想消除了这种中介作用。（APA 版权所有，2018）。
