Raposo Vera Lúcia
Faculty of Law of Macao University, Macao, China.
Faculty of Law of Coimbra University, Coimbra, Portugal.
JBRA Assist Reprod. 2017 Sep 1;21(3):230-239. doi: 10.5935/1518-0557.20170044.
Since 2006, surrogacy arrangements have been expressly forbidden within the Portuguese legal order, in any one of its forms, and in some situations, it has even been criminalised. However, since August 2016, surrogacy has been allowed under certain restrictive scenarios, providing it follows several prerequisites. In spite of this progress, the 2016 amendment to the law has not been immune to criticism. One of its most debatable aspects is the lack of the surrogate's right to regret, although it is doubtful that surrogacy contracts will be enforced against a surrogate's wishes. But the weakest point of the new law is its failure to address some of the nuclear issues of surrogacy contracts, leaving solutions either to general contract law or to the clauses stipulated by the parties. Furthermore, it is unclear which clauses are allowed and which are forbidden under the law. This study describes the content of the new Portuguese surrogacy law, exposes its main fragilities and suggests solutions for matters not covered by the law. The conclusion is that a law full of promise fails regarding the issues it is supposed to regulate.
自2006年起，代孕安排在葡萄牙法律体系内以任何形式均被明确禁止，在某些情况下甚至被定为刑事犯罪。然而，自2016年8月起，在满足若干前提条件的特定限制性情形下，代孕被允许。尽管有这一进展，2016年的法律修正案仍未能免于批评。其最具争议的方面之一是代孕女性缺乏反悔权，尽管代孕合同违背代孕女性意愿而被执行的可能性存疑。但新法律最薄弱的一点是未能解决代孕合同的一些核心问题，将解决方案留给一般合同法或当事人约定的条款。此外，法律允许哪些条款以及禁止哪些条款并不明确。本研究描述了葡萄牙新代孕法的内容，揭示了其主要缺陷，并针对法律未涵盖的事项提出了解决方案。结论是，一部充满希望的法律在其本应规范的问题上却不尽人意。
