Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Reprod Biomed Online. 2010 Dec;21(7):862-7. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.06.037. Epub 2010 Jun 30.
The goal of this article is to discuss the legal pitfalls that reproductive endocrinologists face when participating in gestational surrogacy contracts. This paper was composed using Westlaw and LexisNexis commercial legal search engines to perform a review of statutes and cases pertaining to gestational surrogacy. The search results demonstrated that in the absence of suitable preparation, there is significant potential for litigation while participating in gestational agreements. Providers caring for gestational carriers have been named as parties in lawsuits for failure to provide psychological screening, failure to screen for infectious disease and participation in gestational contracts that are not compliant with state law. There is great disparity in state laws and court rulings pertaining to gestational agreements. When legal disputes arise, individual state laws and court rulings are controlling over the Uniform Parentage Act. Likewise, recommendations by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine do not supersede state laws. The failure to abide by individual state laws unnecessarily exposes reproductive endocrinologists and their IVF facilities to potential litigation. In order to lessen exposure to litigation, an understanding of individual state legislation or historical court rulings is advised.
本文旨在探讨生殖内分泌学家在参与代孕合同时可能面临的法律陷阱。本文使用 Westlaw 和 LexisNexis 商业法律搜索引擎对与代孕相关的法规和案例进行了审查。搜索结果表明，如果没有充分的准备，参与代孕协议可能会面临重大的诉讼风险。由于未能提供心理筛查、未能筛查传染病以及参与不符合州法律规定的代孕合同，为代孕者提供护理的提供者被列为诉讼的当事人。各州关于代孕协议的法律规定和法院判决存在很大差异。当出现法律纠纷时，个别州的法律和法院判决将优先于《统一父母身份法》。同样，美国妇产科医师学会和美国生殖医学学会的建议也不能取代州法律。不遵守个别州的法律会使生殖内分泌学家及其体外受精机构不必要地面临潜在的诉讼。为了降低诉讼风险，建议了解个别州的立法或历史法院判决。
