Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX.
Ann Surg. 2019 Feb;269(2):269-274. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002487.
The authors sought to describe characteristics of effective mentoring relationships in academic surgery based upon lived experiences of mid-career and senior female academic surgeons.
Prior qualitative work describes characteristics of successful mentoring relationships. However, no model exists of effective mentorship that is specific to academic surgery.
The authors conducted in-depth interviews with mid-career and senior female US academic surgeons about the impact of mentoring on professional development during 2014 and 2015. Purposive selection aimed to maximize institutional, specialty, years in career, and racial diversity. Grounded theory method was used to generate a conceptual model of effective mentoring relationships. Data saturation occurred following 15 interviews.
Interviewees described the need for multiple mentors over time with each mentor addressing a unique domain. Interviewees suggested that mentees should seek mentors who will serve as strategic advisors, who will be unselfish, and who engage with diverse mentees.
This study identified a need for multiple mentors across time and disciplines, and identified 3 key characteristics of effective mentoring relationships in academic surgery. Future work in this area should generate an operational definition of mentorship that supports quantitative evaluation of mentor and mentoring panel performance.
本研究旨在通过对中年和资深女性美国学术外科医生的深入访谈，基于其亲身体验，描述学术外科领域中有效指导关系的特征。
先前的定性研究描述了成功指导关系的特征。然而，目前尚不存在针对学术外科的具体有效指导模式。
作者于 2014 年至 2015 年期间，对中年和资深女性美国学术外科医生进行了深入访谈，探讨了指导对职业发展的影响。采用目的性选择，以最大限度地提高机构、专业、职业年限和种族多样性。采用扎根理论方法生成有效指导关系的概念模型。在 15 次访谈后达到数据饱和。
受访者描述了随着时间的推移需要多位导师，每位导师都专注于不同的领域。受访者建议，受训者应寻求能够担任战略顾问、无私和与不同受训者互动的导师。
本研究确定了在学术外科领域中，需要随着时间的推移和学科的不同，寻找多位导师，同时还确定了有效指导关系的 3 个关键特征。未来在这一领域的研究工作应生成指导关系的操作性定义，以支持对导师和指导小组表现的定量评估。
