Rutter Paul D, Hinman Alan R, Hegg Lea, King Dennis, Sosler Stephen, Swezy Virginia, Hussey Ann-Lee, Cochi Stephen L
Polio Eradication, World Health Organization.
Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, Georgia.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Jul 1;216(suppl_1):S287-S292. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix026.
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) has been in operation since 1988, now spends $1 billion annually, and operates through thousands of staff and millions of volunteers in dozens of countries. It has brought polio to the brink of eradication. After eradication is achieved, what should happen to the substantial assets, capabilities, and lessons of the GPEI? To answer this question, an extensive process of transition planning is underway. There is an absolute need to maintain and mainstream some of the functions, to keep the world polio-free. There is also considerable risk-and, if seized, substantial opportunity-for other health programs and priorities. And critical lessons have been learned that can be used to address other health priorities. Planning has started in the 16 countries where GPEI's footprint is the greatest and in the program's 5 core agencies. Even though poliovirus transmission has not yet been stopped globally, this planning process is gaining momentum, and some plans are taking early shape. This is a complex area of work-with difficult technical, financial, and political elements. There is no significant precedent. There is forward motion and a willingness on many sides to understand and address the risks and to explore the opportunities. Very substantial investments have been made, over 30 years, to eradicate a human pathogen from the world for the second time ever. Transition planning represents a serious intent to responsibly bring the world's largest global health effort to a close and to protect and build upon the investment in this effort, where appropriate, to benefit other national and global priorities. Further detailed technical work is now needed, supported by broad and engaged debate, for this undertaking to achieve its full potential.
全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动（GPEI）自1988年开展以来，目前每年花费10亿美元，通过数十个国家的数千名工作人员和数百万志愿者开展工作。它已使脊髓灰质炎濒临根除。在实现根除之后，GPEI的大量资产、能力和经验教训该何去何从？为回答这个问题，正在开展广泛的过渡规划进程。绝对有必要保留并将一些职能纳入主流，以保持世界无脊髓灰质炎状态。对于其他卫生项目和重点工作而言，也存在相当大的风险——而若能把握机遇，也有巨大的机会。并且已经吸取了一些关键经验教训，可用于应对其他卫生重点工作。在GPEI影响力最大的16个国家以及该项目的5个核心机构中已启动规划。尽管全球范围内脊髓灰质炎病毒传播尚未停止，但这一规划进程正在加速推进，一些计划已初步成形。这是一个复杂的工作领域，涉及棘手的技术、财务和政治因素。没有显著的先例。各方都在向前推进，并且愿意理解和应对风险并探索机遇。在过去30年里，为第二次在全球根除一种人类病原体已投入了巨额资金。过渡规划体现了一种严肃的意图，即负责任地结束全球最大规模的全球卫生行动，并在适当情况下保护和利用这一行动中的投资，以造福其他国家和全球重点工作。现在需要开展进一步详细的技术工作，并辅以广泛而积极的辩论，以使这项工作充分发挥潜力。
