Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Zürich, Switzerland; Centre for Addictive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Zürich, Switzerland.
Biol Psychiatry. 2017 Sep 15;82(6):413-420. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.07.003. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
Computational psychiatry aims to apply mathematical and computational techniques to help improve psychiatric care. To achieve this, the phenomena under scrutiny should be within the scope of formal methods. As emotions play an important role across many psychiatric disorders, such computational methods must encompass emotions. Here, we consider formal valuation accounts of emotions. We focus on the fact that the flexibility of emotional responses and the nature of appraisals suggest the need for a model-based valuation framework for emotions. However, resource limitations make plain model-based valuation impossible and require metareasoning strategies to apportion cognitive resources adaptively. We argue that emotions may implement such metareasoning approximations by restricting the range of behaviors and states considered. We consider the processes that guide the deployment of the approximations, discerning between innate, model-free, heuristic, and model-based controllers. A formal valuation and metareasoning framework may thus provide a principled approach to examining emotions.
计算精神病学旨在应用数学和计算技术来帮助改善精神科护理。要实现这一目标，所研究的现象应该在形式方法的范围内。由于情绪在许多精神障碍中都起着重要作用，因此这种计算方法必须包含情绪。在这里，我们考虑情感的形式化评估方法。我们关注的是，情绪反应的灵活性和评估的性质表明需要为情绪建立基于模型的评估框架。然而，资源限制使得基于模型的评估变得不可能，需要元推理策略来适应性地分配认知资源。我们认为，情绪可以通过限制考虑的行为和状态的范围来实现这种元推理近似。我们考虑指导近似值部署的过程，区分先天的、无模型的、启发式的和基于模型的控制器。因此，一个正式的评估和元推理框架可以为研究情绪提供一种有原则的方法。
