有机磷暴露对印度尼西亚日惹库隆普罗戈农民健康的影响：身体、情感和社会健康视角

Impact of organophosphate exposure on farmers' health in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta: Perspectives of physical, emotional and social health.

作者信息

Perwitasari Dyah Aryani, Prasasti Dian, Supadmi Woro, Jaikishin Sonia Amelia Dewi, Wiraagni Idha Arfianti

机构信息

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

出版信息

SAGE Open Med. 2017 Jul 12;5:2050312117719092. doi: 10.1177/2050312117719092. eCollection 2017.

DOI:10.1177/2050312117719092

PMID:28839934

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5548316/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The exposure of organophosphate could be caused by the absorption in some parts of the body like skin and breath. Toxicity may cause nausea, vomiting and dizziness which are not too specific related with the pesticide toxicity. The purpose of this study is to understand the association between organophosphate exposure and farmers' health in Kulon Progo County from the perspectives of physical, emotional and social health.

METHODS

This study was conducted using descriptive observational design. The blood sample was collected during harvesting periods in 2016. The inclusion criterion of farmers was using organophosphate-contained pesticide during the planting period of red onion. The farmers who had renal disease, liver disease and cancer were excluded. The organophosphate exposure parameters were the duration and frequency of pesticide application, width of the area, serum cholinesterase activity and the completeness of personal protective equipment.

RESULTS

Among 84 farmers, most of them were male (85.7%), and the mean age was 49.1 (standard deviation: 12.5) years; 71.4% of the subjects experienced tremor, 17.86% experienced dizziness and 8.33% subjects experienced nausea-vomiting after pesticide application. According to the pesticide application, in average, subjects used pesticide 1.4 h/day with the area of 1.285 m. The frequency of pesticide used is three times per week. Around 97.6% subjects used incomplete personal protective equipment. The average of serum cholinesterase activity in subjects with tremor is higher than subjects without tremor (p > 0.05). There is a significant association between serum cholinesterase activity and creatinine content (p < 0.05). The farmers' quality-of-life domain scores are lower than the scores of the normal population in Yogyakarta.

CONCLUSION

Organophosphate exposure may affect the farmers' physical health and quality of life.

摘要

目的

有机磷酸酯的暴露可能由身体某些部位如皮肤和呼吸的吸收引起。毒性可能导致恶心、呕吐和头晕，这些症状与农药毒性的特异性不太相关。本研究的目的是从身体、情感和社会健康的角度了解库隆普罗戈县有机磷酸酯暴露与农民健康之间的关联。

方法

本研究采用描述性观察设计。于2016年收获期采集血样。农民的纳入标准是在种植红洋葱期间使用含有机磷酸酯的农药。排除患有肾病、肝病和癌症的农民。有机磷酸酯暴露参数包括农药施用的持续时间和频率、区域宽度、血清胆碱酯酶活性以及个人防护设备的完整性。

结果

在84名农民中，大多数为男性（85.7%），平均年龄为49.1岁（标准差：12.5）；71.4%的受试者在施用农药后出现震颤，17.86%出现头晕，8.33%出现恶心呕吐。根据农药施用情况，受试者平均每天使用农药1.4小时，施用面积为1.285平方米。农药使用频率为每周三次。约97.6%的受试者使用的个人防护设备不完整。有震颤的受试者血清胆碱酯酶活性平均值高于无震颤的受试者（p>0.05）。血清胆碱酯酶活性与肌酐含量之间存在显著关联（p<0.05）。农民的生活质量领域得分低于日惹正常人群的得分。