Zhang Cunbao, Zhou Bin, Chen Guojun, Chen Feng
Intelligent Transport System Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Heping Road, Wuhan, 430063, China.
Intelligent Transport System Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Heping Road, Wuhan, 430063, China.
Accid Anal Prev. 2017 Nov;108:19-26. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2017.08.018. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
A lot of pedestrian-vehicle crashes at mid-block crosswalks severely threaten pedestrian's safety around the world. The situations are even worse in China due to low yielding rate of vehicles at crosswalks. In order to quantitatively analyze pedestrian's safety at multi-lane mid-block crosswalks, the number of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts was utilized to evaluate pedestrian's accident risk. Five mid-block crosswalks (Wuhan, China) were videoed to collect data of traffic situation and pedestrian-vehicle conflicts, and the quantity and spatial distribution of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts at multi-lane mid-block crosswalk were analyzed according to lane-based post-encroachment time(LPET). Statistical results indicate that conflicts are mainly concentrated in lane3 and lane6. Percentage of conflict of each lane numbered from 1 to 6 respectively are 4.1%, 13.1%, 19.8%, 8.4%, 19.0%, 28.1%. Conflict rate under different crossing strategies are also counted. Moreover, an order probit (OP) model of pedestrian-vehicle conflict analysis (PVCA) was built to find out the contributions corresponding to those factors (such as traffic volume, vehicle speed, pedestrian crossing behavior, pedestrian refuge, etc.) to pedestrian-vehicle conflicts. The results show that: pedestrian refuge have positive effects on pedestrian safety; on the other hand, high vehicle speed, high traffic volume, rolling gap crossing pattern, and larger pedestrian platoon have negative effects on pedestrian safety. Based on our field observation and PVCA model, the number of conflicts will rise by 2% while the traffic volume increases 200 pcu/h; similarly, if the vehicle speed increases 5km/h, the number of conflicts will rise by 12% accordingly. The research results could be used to evaluate pedestrian safety at multi-lane mid-block crosswalks, and useful to improve pedestrian safety by means of pedestrian safety education, pedestrian refuge setting, vehicle speed limiting, and so on.
世界各地许多在路段中间人行横道发生的人车碰撞事故严重威胁行人安全。在中国，由于车辆在人行横道处的礼让率较低，情况更为糟糕。为了定量分析多车道路段中间人行横道上行人的安全性，利用人车冲突数量来评估行人的事故风险。对中国武汉的5个路段中间人行横道进行了录像，以收集交通状况和人车冲突数据，并根据基于车道的侵入后时间（LPET）分析了多车道路段中间人行横道上车人冲突的数量和空间分布。统计结果表明，冲突主要集中在第3车道和第6车道。从第1车道到第6车道，各车道冲突百分比分别为4.1%、13.1%、19.8%、8.4%、19.0%、28.1%。还统计了不同过街策略下的冲突率。此外，建立了人车冲突分析（PVCA）的有序概率（OP）模型，以找出那些因素（如交通量、车速、行人过街行为、行人避难设施等）对人车冲突的影响。结果表明：行人避难设施对行人安全有积极影响；另一方面，车速高、交通量大、滚动间隙过街模式以及行人队伍规模大对行人安全有负面影响。基于实地观察和PVCA模型，交通量每增加200 pcu/h，冲突数量将增加2%；同样，如果车速增加5km/h，冲突数量将相应增加12%。研究结果可用于评估多车道路段中间人行横道上行人的安全性，并有助于通过行人安全教育、设置行人避难设施、限制车速等方式提高行人安全。
