Department of Parasitology and Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest,2 Istvan street H-1078 Budapest, Hungary.
German National Reference Centre for Borrelia; Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2017 Oct;8(6):922-927. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.08.002. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
The hard tick Ixodes ricinus is the most important vector of tick-transmitted pathogens in Europe, frequently occurring in urban parks and greenbelts utilized for recreational activities. This species is the most common vector of the causative agents of Lyme borreliosis in Europe. Similarly, the species spreads Borrelia miyamotoi, causing a relapsing-fever like illness. A total of 1774 Ixodes ricinus (50 females, 68 males, 840 nymphs and 818 larvae) were collected with flagging between March and September 2014 in a coniferous forest patch in Niederkaina near the town of Bautzen in Saxony, Germany. To measure questing tick density a time-based density estimating method was utilized. From each month, a total of 100 adults and nymphal ticks and all larvae (pools of 10 individuals per tube/month) were selected for the molecular analyses. For simultaneous detection of B. burgdorferi s.l. and B. miyamotoi a duplex real-time PCR targeting the flaB locus was performed. Prevalence of B. burgdorferi s.l. was 9.4% (female: 6%, male: 2.9%, nymph: 12.2%, larva: 0%) and minimum prevalence of B. miyamotoi was 1.2% (female: 0%, male: 4.3%, nymph: 2.8%, larva: 0.1%) in the 714 samples with real-time polymerase chain reaction. A real-time PCR reaction was utilized first to target the histone-like protein gene (hbb) of B. burgdorferi s.l., a hemi-nested outer surface protein (ospA) gene conventional PCR was then performed followed by a restriction enzyme analysis to distinguish B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies. Seven B. afzelii, one B. burgdorferi s.s., one B. bavariensis and four B. miyamotoi infections were confirmed. Prevalence of Lyme borreliosis spirochetes was significantly higher in nymphs than in adults (p<0.01, Fisher exact test) probably due to the diluting effect of the local roe deer population. Our data highlight the potential risk of human infection with the emerging pathogen B. miyamotoi within the study area.
硬蜱Ixodes ricinus 是欧洲最重要的蜱传病原体媒介,常出现在用于娱乐活动的城市公园和绿化带中。该物种是欧洲莱姆病病原体的最常见媒介。同样,该物种传播 Borrelia miyamotoi,引起反复发作的类似流感的疾病。2014 年 3 月至 9 月,利用标记法在德国萨克森州包岑镇附近的尼德卡纳的一片针叶林中采集了总共 1774 只硬蜱Ixodes ricinus(50 只雌性、68 只雄性、840 只若虫和 818 只幼虫)。为了测量寄生性蜱的密度,采用了基于时间的密度估计方法。每个月,从总共 100 只成虫和若虫以及所有幼虫(每月每管 10 只个体的组合)中选择用于分子分析。为了同时检测 B. burgdorferi s.l. 和 B. miyamotoi,进行了针对 flaB 基因座的双实时 PCR。实时 PCR 检测到 B. burgdorferi s.l. 的流行率为 9.4%(雌性:6%,雄性:2.9%,若虫:12.2%,幼虫:0%),B. miyamotoi 的最低流行率为 1.2%(雌性:0%,雄性:4.3%,若虫:2.8%,幼虫:0.1%)。首先利用针对 B. burgdorferi s.l. 的组蛋白样蛋白基因(hbb)的实时 PCR 反应,然后进行半巢式外表面蛋白(ospA)基因的常规 PCR,随后进行限制性内切酶分析以区分 B. burgdorferi s.l. 种。确认了 7 例 B. afzelii、1 例 B. burgdorferi s.s.、1 例 B. bavariensis 和 4 例 B. miyamotoi 感染。与成虫相比,若虫中莱姆病螺旋体的流行率显著更高(p<0.01,Fisher 确切检验),这可能是由于当地獐鹿种群的稀释作用。我们的数据突出了在研究区域内人类感染新兴病原体 B. miyamotoi 的潜在风险。