Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States.
Department of Psychological Science, University of Texas-Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States.
J Anxiety Disord. 2017 Oct;51:14-21. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.08.001. Epub 2017 Aug 6.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate associations between the 7-factor hybrid model of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, which includes intrusions, avoidance, negative affect, anhedonia, externalizing behaviors, anxious arousal, and dysphoric arousal symptoms, and alcohol consumption and consequences. A nationally representative sample of 916 trauma-exposed U.S. military veterans were administered the Trauma History Screen, PTSD Checklist-5, and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to determine associations between the 7-factor hybrid model of PTSD symptoms, and alcohol consumption and consequences. Results revealed that lifetime dysphoric arousal (r=0.31), negative affect (r=0.30), and anhedonia (r=0.29) symptom clusters were most strongly associated with past-year alcohol consequences. No significant associations were observed for alcohol consumption. While the cross-sectional study design does not allow one to ascertain causative associations between PTSD factors and alcohol consumption and consequences, results generally align with the self-medication hypothesis, as PTSD factors reflecting internalizing were most strongly related to alcohol-related consequences. These results underscore the importance of assessing for alcohol use problems in veterans who score highly on PTSD symptoms reflecting internalizing symptomatology.
本研究的目的是调查 DSM-5 创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的 7 因素混合模型（包括闯入、回避、负性情绪、快感缺失、外化行为、焦虑唤醒和烦躁唤醒症状）与饮酒和后果之间的关联。对 916 名有创伤暴露经历的美国退伍军人进行了创伤史筛查、PTSD 检查表-5 和酒精使用障碍识别测试。进行验证性因子分析以确定 PTSD 症状的 7 因素混合模型与饮酒和后果之间的关联。结果表明，终生烦躁唤醒（r=0.31）、负性情绪（r=0.30）和快感缺失（r=0.29）症状群与过去一年的酒精后果最密切相关。未观察到与饮酒量相关的显著关联。虽然横断面研究设计不允许确定 PTSD 因素与饮酒和后果之间的因果关联，但结果通常与自我治疗假说一致，因为反映内化的 PTSD 因素与酒精相关后果最密切相关。这些结果强调了在 PTSD 症状反映内化症状学得分较高的退伍军人中评估酒精使用问题的重要性。
