Zhang Wen, Wang Anni, Guo Yufang, Yao Shuyu, Luo Yuanhui, Zhang Jingping
Nursing Psychological Research Center, Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2017 Jul 28;42(7):836-842. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2017.07.016.
To investigate the relationship between social support and depression of only-child-lost (OCL) people, and the mediation role of self-efficacy in this relationship. Methods: By stratified cluster sampling, 214 OCL people were enrolled, with 80 males and 134 females, ages from 49 to 83 years old. They were assessed by General Self-Efficacy Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, and Self-rating Depression Scale. Results: Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age groups (t=2.85, P<0.05), with or without spouse (t=5.62, P<0.05), family location (t=3.95, P<0.05), per capita monthly income (F=3.48, P<0.05) among the social support scores. There was significant difference between the per capita monthly income and self-efficacy scores in QCL people (F=5.46, P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed self-efficacy and social support were positively correlated (r=0.26, P<0.01). Self-efficacy (r=-0.59, P<0.01) and social support (r=-0.59, P<0.01) negatively correlated with depression in OCL people. Self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between social support and depression. Conclusion: The person who is <60 years old, with spouse and the high per capita monthly income, and lives the rural area, would have high social support levels among QCL people. The person who has high per capita monthly income would have high self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is one of the direct prediction for depression, and plays an indirect role between social support and depression. Intervention of depression among OCL people could be applied to change their cognition, and to enhance their self-efficacy.
探讨失独人群社会支持与抑郁的关系以及自我效能感在二者关系中的中介作用。方法：采用分层整群抽样法，选取214名失独者，其中男性80名，女性134名，年龄49～83岁。采用一般自我效能感量表、社会支持评定量表和自评抑郁量表进行测评。结果：单因素分析显示，社会支持得分在年龄组（t=2.85，P<0.05）、有无配偶（t=5.62，P<0.05）、家庭所在地（t=3.95，P<0.05）、人均月收入（F=3.48，P<0.05）方面存在显著差异。失独人群人均月收入与自我效能感得分之间存在显著差异（F=5.46，P<0.05）。相关分析显示，自我效能感与社会支持呈正相关（r=0.26，P<0.01）。失独人群中自我效能感（r=-0.59，P<0.01）和社会支持（r=-0.59，P<0.01）与抑郁呈负相关。自我效能感部分中介了社会支持与抑郁的关系。结论：在失独人群中，年龄<60岁、有配偶、人均月收入高且居住在农村地区的人社会支持水平较高。人均月收入高的人自我效能感较高。自我效能感是抑郁的直接预测因素之一，在社会支持与抑郁之间起间接作用。对失独人群抑郁的干预可通过改变其认知、提高其自我效能感来实现。
