Kim Sun Mi, Hyun Gi Jung, Jung Tae-Woon, Son Young Don, Cho In-Hee, Kee Baik Seok, Han Doug Hyun
Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Therapeutic Riding, Jeonju Kijeon College, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
Psychiatry Investig. 2017 Jul;14(4):452-457. doi: 10.4306/pi.2017.14.4.452. Epub 2017 Jul 11.
We aimed to assess disturbances in postural and gait balance and functional connectivity within the brain regions controlling balance in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Thirteen children with ADHD and 13 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. Gait balance was assessed by the difference in the center of pressure (COP) between the left and right foot, as well as the difference in plantar pressure between the left and right foot during gait. Neuroimaging data were acquired using a 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner. Functional connectivity between the vermis of the cerebellum and all other brain regionswas assessed.
The difference in plantar pressure between the left foot and right foot in the ADHD group was greater than that observed in the control group. The average COP jerk score of the right foot in the ADHD group was higher than that observed in the control group. A higher functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the right middle frontal gyrus (premotor cortex) and medial frontal gyrus (cingulate gyrus) was observed in the control group relative to the ADHD group. In the ADHD group, the difference in plantar pressure between the left and right foot was also negatively correlated with the beta-value within the middle frontal gyrus.
Children with ADHD had disturbance of balance as assessed by plantar pressure. Decreased brain connectivity from the cerebellum to the premotor cortex and anterior cingulate was associated with disturbances of posture and balance in children with ADHD.
我们旨在评估注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的姿势和步态平衡障碍，以及控制平衡的脑区之间的功能连接。
招募了13名患有ADHD的儿童和13名年龄及性别匹配的对照组儿童。通过左右脚之间的压力中心（COP）差异以及步态期间左右脚之间的足底压力差异来评估步态平衡。使用3.0特斯拉MRI扫描仪获取神经影像数据。评估小脑蚓部与所有其他脑区之间的功能连接。
ADHD组左脚和右脚之间的足底压力差异大于对照组。ADHD组右脚的平均COP急动得分高于对照组。相对于ADHD组，在对照组中观察到小脑与右中额回（运动前皮层）和内侧额回（扣带回）之间具有更高的功能连接。在ADHD组中，左右脚之间的足底压力差异也与中额回内的β值呈负相关。
通过足底压力评估，ADHD儿童存在平衡障碍。小脑与运动前皮层和前扣带回之间的脑连接减少与ADHD儿童的姿势和平衡障碍有关。
