Chee Derserri Yan Ting, Lee Hoe Chung Yeung, Patomella Ann-Helen, Falkmer Torbjörn
a School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , Australia.
b Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.
Disabil Rehabil. 2019 Jan;41(1):1-8. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1370498. Epub 2017 Aug 28.
The aim of this study was to investigate the driving performance of drivers with autism spectrum disorders under complex driving conditions.
Seventeen drivers with autism spectrum disorders and 18 typically developed drivers participated in a driving simulator trial. Prior to the assessment, participants completed the Driving Behaviour Questionnaire and measurements of cognitive and visual-motor ability. The driving simulation involved driving in an urban area with dense traffic and unpredictable events.
In comparison with the typically developed group, drivers with autism spectrum disorders reported significantly more lapses in driving, committed more mistakes on the driving simulator, and were slower to react in challenging situations, such as driving through intersections with abrupt changes in traffic lights. However, they were also less likely to tailgate other vehicles, as measured by time-to-collision between vehicles, on the driving simulator.
The performances of licensed drivers with autism spectrum disorders appeared to be safer in respect to car-following distance but were poorer in their response to challenging traffic situations. Driver education for individuals with autism spectrum disorders should focus on quick identification of hazards, prompt execution of responses, and effective allocation of attention to reduce lapses in driving. Implications for rehabilitation Drivers with autism spectrum disorders reported significantly more lapses during driving. Drivers with autism spectrum disorders were observed to be poorer in traffic scenarios requiring critical response. Driver education for individuals with autism spectrum disorders should focus on managing anxiety and effective attention allocation while driving. Driving simulators can be used as a safe means for training critical response to challenging traffic scenarios.
本研究旨在调查自闭症谱系障碍患者在复杂驾驶条件下的驾驶表现。
17名自闭症谱系障碍患者和18名发育正常的驾驶员参与了一项驾驶模拟器试验。在评估前，参与者完成了驾驶行为问卷以及认知和视觉运动能力的测量。驾驶模拟包括在交通密集且有不可预测事件的市区驾驶。
与发育正常的组相比，自闭症谱系障碍患者报告的驾驶失误明显更多，在驾驶模拟器上犯的错误更多，并且在具有挑战性的情况下反应更慢，例如在交通信号灯突然变化的十字路口驾驶时。然而，通过驾驶模拟器上车辆之间的碰撞时间来衡量，他们追尾其他车辆的可能性也较小。
自闭症谱系障碍持证驾驶员在跟车距离方面的表现似乎更安全，但在应对具有挑战性的交通情况时表现较差。针对自闭症谱系障碍患者的驾驶员教育应侧重于快速识别危险、迅速执行反应以及有效分配注意力以减少驾驶失误。康复意义 自闭症谱系障碍患者报告的驾驶失误明显更多。在需要关键反应的交通场景中，观察到自闭症谱系障碍患者表现较差。针对自闭症谱系障碍患者的驾驶员教育应侧重于在驾驶时管理焦虑和有效分配注意力。驾驶模拟器可作为训练应对具有挑战性交通场景的关键反应的安全手段。
