1 Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky.
2 Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2018 Sep 20;29(9):832-845. doi: 10.1089/ars.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
The concepts of junk DNA and transcriptional noise are long gone as the existence of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) has been tested extensively in recent years. Given that the epigenetic status of cells affects many biological processes, how ncRNAs mechanistically contribute to these processes is of great interest. Recent Advances: Recent studies show that various ncRNAs interact with epigenetic and/or transcription factors to modulate the epigenetic status of cells directly and/or indirectly. There exists growing interest in the field of cardiovascular research to understand the roles of ncRNAs. Due to the large number of ncRNAs in the mammalian genome, only a handful of ncRNAs have been functionally elucidated, which makes it difficult to understand how ncRNAs interact with protein-coding genes and their encoded proteins.
Although the canonical function of microRNAs (miRNAs) to inhibit the translation of protein-coding genes is well established, the number of functionally annotated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is still small, which is especially true in the heart.
Future studies must connect the epigenetic controls of various cellular phenomena by incorporating both miRNAs and lncRNAs. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 832-845.
近年来，随着非编码 RNA（ncRNA）的广泛研究， junk DNA 和转录噪声的概念早已不复存在。鉴于细胞的表观遗传状态会影响许多生物过程，ncRNA 如何在这些过程中发挥作用引起了极大的兴趣。
最近的研究表明，各种 ncRNA 与表观遗传和/或转录因子相互作用，直接和/或间接调节细胞的表观遗传状态。在心血管研究领域，人们越来越感兴趣的是理解 ncRNA 的作用。由于哺乳动物基因组中有大量的 ncRNA，只有少数 ncRNA 的功能得到了阐明，这使得人们难以理解 ncRNA 如何与蛋白质编码基因及其编码的蛋白质相互作用。
尽管 microRNAs（miRNAs）抑制蛋白质编码基因翻译的典型功能已经得到很好的确立，但具有功能注释的长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）的数量仍然很少，在心脏中尤其如此。
未来的研究必须通过整合 miRNA 和 lncRNA，将各种细胞现象的表观遗传控制联系起来。抗氧化。氧化还原信号。29, 832-845.
