Lei Jian, Hilgenfeld Rolf
Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck, Germany.
German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg - Lübeck - Borstel - Riems Site, University of Lübeck, Germany.
FEBS Lett. 2017 Oct;591(20):3190-3210. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12827. Epub 2017 Sep 15.
Virus invasion triggers host immune responses, in particular, innate immune responses. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns of viruses (such as dsRNA, ssRNA, or viral proteins) released during virus replication are detected by the corresponding pattern-recognition receptors of the host, and innate immune responses are induced. Through production of type-I and type-III interferons as well as various other cytokines, the host innate immune system forms the frontline to protect host cells and inhibit virus infection. Not surprisingly, viruses have evolved diverse strategies to counter this antiviral system. In this review, we discuss the multiple strategies used by proteases of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses of the families Picornaviridae, Coronaviridae, and Flaviviridae, when counteracting host innate immune responses.
病毒入侵会触发宿主的免疫反应，尤其是先天免疫反应。病毒复制过程中释放的病毒病原体相关分子模式（如双链RNA、单链RNA或病毒蛋白）会被宿主相应的模式识别受体检测到，从而诱导先天免疫反应。宿主先天免疫系统通过产生I型和III型干扰素以及各种其他细胞因子，形成保护宿主细胞和抑制病毒感染的第一道防线。毫不奇怪，病毒已经进化出多种策略来对抗这种抗病毒系统。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了小RNA病毒科、冠状病毒科和黄病毒科的正链单链RNA病毒的蛋白酶在对抗宿主先天免疫反应时所使用的多种策略。
