Yang Mei, Zhou Zhen
School of Materials Science and Engineering Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience Nanjing University of Science and Technology Xiaolingwei 200 Nanjing 210094 China.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced Materials Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2017 Feb 15;4(8):1600408. doi: 10.1002/advs.201600408. eCollection 2017 Aug.
Featured with unique mechanical, electronic and chemical properties, nitrogen-doped carbon materials have become the research hotspot of energy storage. As electrode materials in supercapacitors (SCs), N-doped carbons have demonstrated intriguing flexibility and superb performances in a wide electrochemical window, equipped with versatile properties as both cathodes and anodes for constructing high voltage devices. Compared with limited doping level, N-rich and porous carbon materials (NPCs) are of great desire to release the restricted properties of N species and obtain high specific capacitances (>600 F g), pushing the energy density towards the battery level without scarifying the capacitor-level power ability. In this Research News we firstly discuss the key factors influencing the performance of NPC electrodes to disclose related charge storage mechanisms. In addition, the trade-off among N-content, porous structure and electrical conductivity is involved as well as electrochemical behaviors in different electrolytes. Also, various progressive developments are highlighted systematically ranging from asymmetric to symmetric and hybrid configurations, covering both aqueous and non-aqueous systems. Finally, some stubborn and unsolved problems are summarized, with prospective research guidelines on NPC-based SCs.
氮掺杂碳材料具有独特的机械、电子和化学性质，已成为储能领域的研究热点。作为超级电容器（SCs）的电极材料，氮掺杂碳在宽电化学窗口中表现出了引人注目的柔韧性和卓越性能，具备作为构建高压器件的阴极和阳极的多种特性。与有限的掺杂水平相比，富氮多孔碳材料（NPCs）非常有助于释放氮物种的受限性能并获得高比电容（>600 F g），在不牺牲电容级功率能力的情况下将能量密度提升至电池水平。在本研究新闻中，我们首先讨论影响NPC电极性能的关键因素，以揭示相关的电荷存储机制。此外，还涉及氮含量、多孔结构和电导率之间的权衡以及在不同电解质中的电化学行为。同时，系统地突出了从非对称到对称以及混合配置的各种进展，涵盖了水性和非水性体系。最后，总结了一些顽固且未解决的问题，并给出了基于NPC的SCs的前瞻性研究指导方针。
