Francová Anna, Chrastný Vladislav, Šillerová Hana, Kocourková Jana, Komárek Michael
Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Aug 29;189(9):478. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6199-5.
This study is a continuation of our preceding research identifying suitable environmental samples for the tracing of atmospheric pollution in industrial areas. Three additional types of environmental samples were used to characterise contamination sources in the industrial area of Ostrava city, Czech Republic. The region is known for its extensive metallurgical and mining activities. Fingerprinting of stable Pb isotopes was applied to distinguish individual sources of anthropogenic Pb. A wide range of Pb/Pb ratios was observed in the investigated samples: Pb/Pb = 1.168-1.198 in mosses; Pb/Pb = 1.167-1.215 in soils and Pb/Pb = 1.158-1.184 in tree cores. Black and brown coal combustion, as well as metallurgical activities, is the two main sources of pollution in the area. Fossil fuel burning in industry and households seems to be a stronger source of Pb emissions than from the metallurgical industry. Concentration analyses of tree rings showed that a significant increase in As concentrations occurred between 1999 and 2016 (from 0.38 mg kg to 13.8 mg kg). This shift corresponds to the use of brown coal from Bílina, Czech Republic, with an increased As concentration. The burning of low-quality fuels in households remains a problem in the area, as small ground sources have a greater influence on the air quality than do industrial sources.
本研究是我们之前一项研究的延续，该研究旨在确定适用于追踪工业区大气污染的环境样本。另外三种环境样本被用于表征捷克共和国俄斯特拉发市工业区的污染源。该地区以广泛的冶金和采矿活动而闻名。应用稳定铅同位素指纹识别技术来区分人为铅的各个来源。在所调查的样本中观察到了广泛的铅同位素比值范围：苔藓中的铅同位素比值为Pb/Pb = 1.168 - 1.198；土壤中的为Pb/Pb = 1.167 - 1.215；树芯中的为Pb/Pb = 1.158 - 1.184。黑煤和褐煤燃烧以及冶金活动是该地区的两个主要污染源。工业和家庭中化石燃料燃烧似乎比冶金行业是更强的铅排放源。树木年轮浓度分析表明，1999年至2016年间砷浓度显著增加（从0.38毫克/千克增至13.8毫克/千克）。这种变化与来自捷克共和国比利纳的砷浓度增加的褐煤使用情况相对应。家庭中燃烧低质量燃料仍是该地区的一个问题，因为小型地面源对空气质量的影响比工业源更大。
