Cattedra di Pediatria, Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria "Scuola Medica Salernitana", Università di Salerno , Via Allende, Baronissi (Salerno), 84081, Italy.
Pediatria Sistematica AORN "Santobono-Pausilipon", Naples, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2017 Aug 30;43(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s13052-017-0394-4.
The term "humanization" indicates the process by which people try to make something more human and civilized, more in line with what is believed to be the human nature. The humanization of care is an important and not yet a well-defined issue which includes a wide range of aspects related to the approach to the patient and care modalities. In pediatrics, the humanization concept is even vaguer due to the dual involvement of both the child and his/her family and by the existence of multiple proposed models.
The present study aims to analyze the main existing humanization models regarding pediatric care, and the tools for assessing its grade.
The main Humanization care programs have been elaborated and developed both in America (Brazil, USA) and Europe. The North American and European models specifically concern pediatric care, while the model developed in Brazil is part of a broader program aimed at all age groups. The first emphasis is on the importance of the family in child care, the second emphasis is on the child's right to be a leader, to be heard and to be able to express its opinion on the program's own care. Several tools have been created and used to evaluate humanization of care programs and related aspects. None, however, had been mutually compared.
The major models of humanization care and the related assessment tools here reviewed highlight the urgent need for a more unifying approach, which may help in realizing health care programs closer to the young patient's and his/her family needs.
“人性化”一词表示人们试图使某些事物更具人性和文明，使其更符合所谓的人性。关怀的人性化是一个重要但尚未明确界定的问题，其中包括与患者接近和护理方式相关的广泛方面。在儿科领域，由于儿童及其家庭的双重参与以及多种拟议模式的存在，人性化概念更加模糊。
本研究旨在分析儿科护理中主要现有人性化模式，以及评估其等级的工具。
主要的人性化关怀计划已经在美国（巴西、美国）和欧洲制定和发展。北美的和欧洲的模式特别涉及儿科护理，而在巴西制定的模式是针对所有年龄组的更广泛计划的一部分。第一个重点是家庭在儿童护理中的重要性，第二个重点是儿童作为领导者的权利，被倾听的权利，以及能够对自己的护理计划表达意见的权利。已经创建并使用了几种工具来评估关怀计划的人性化及其相关方面。然而，没有一种工具可以相互比较。
所审查的主要人性化关怀模式和相关评估工具突出表明，迫切需要采取更统一的方法，这可能有助于实现更接近年轻患者及其家庭需求的医疗保健计划。
