Havas Viktória, Taylor Jsh, Vaquero Lucía, de Diego-Balaguer Ruth, Rodríguez-Fornells Antoni, Davis Matthew H
1 Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
2 Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2018 Jun;71(6):1469-1481. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2017.1329325. Epub 2018 Jan 19.
We studied the initial acquisition and overnight consolidation of new spoken words that resemble words in the native language (L1) or in an unfamiliar, non-native language (L2). Spanish-speaking participants learned the spoken forms of novel words in their native language (Spanish) or in a different language (Hungarian), which were paired with pictures of familiar or unfamiliar objects, or no picture. We thereby assessed, in a factorial way, the impact of existing knowledge (schema) on word learning by manipulating both semantic (familiar vs unfamiliar objects) and phonological (L1- vs L2-like novel words) familiarity. Participants were trained and tested with a 12-hr intervening period that included overnight sleep or daytime awake. Our results showed (1) benefits of sleep to recognition memory that were greater for words with L2-like phonology and (2) that learned associations with familiar but not unfamiliar pictures enhanced recognition memory for novel words. Implications for complementary systems accounts of word learning are discussed.
我们研究了与母语（L1）或不熟悉的非母语（L2）中的单词相似的新口语单词的初始习得和夜间巩固情况。说西班牙语的参与者学习母语（西班牙语）或另一种语言（匈牙利语）中新颖单词的口语形式，这些单词与熟悉或不熟悉物体的图片配对，或者不配对图片。我们通过操纵语义（熟悉与不熟悉物体）和语音（类似L1与类似L2的新颖单词）熟悉度，以析因的方式评估了现有知识（图式）对单词学习的影响。参与者在接受训练和测试之间有12小时的间隔期，其中包括夜间睡眠或白天清醒状态。我们的结果表明：（1）睡眠对识别记忆的益处对于具有类似L2语音的单词更大；（2）与熟悉而非不熟悉图片形成的习得关联增强了对新颖单词的识别记忆。本文讨论了这些结果对单词学习互补系统理论的启示。
