Ilunga Tshiswaka Daudet, Bennett Crystal, Franklin Cheyanne
Department of Public Health.
School of Nursing, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida, USA.
Int J Rehabil Res. 2018 Mar;41(1):1-13. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0000000000000250.
Physical function is often compromised as a result of stroke event. Although interventions propose different strategies that seek to improve stroke survivors' physical function, a need remains to evaluate walking training studies aimed at improving such physical function. The aim of this review was to assess the available literature that highlights the impact of walking training on enhancing walking for stroke survivors. We performed a systematic literature review of online databases - Google Scholar, PubMed, CINHAL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and EBSCO - with the following inclusion criteria: manuscript published from 2005 to 2016, written in English, with treatment and control groups, for walking training studies aimed at improving physical function among stroke survivors. Findings indicated that walking speed, walking distance, and gait speed were the most used outcome variables for measuring improved physical function among stroke survivors. Importantly, proposed interventions involved either overground or treadmill walking trainings, if not both. Preserved locomotor improvements were not noted in all interventions at follow-up. Some interventions that used walking treadmill training augmented by auditory stimulations reported significant improvements in physical function compared with overground walking training augmented by auditory stimulations. The imperative to improve physical function among stroke survivors with physical impairment is paramount, as it allows survivors to be socially, emotionally, and physically more independent. In general, we note an insufficiency of research on the interaction between physical function and socialization among stroke survivors.
中风事件常常会导致身体功能受损。尽管各种干预措施提出了不同策略来试图改善中风幸存者的身体功能，但仍有必要对旨在改善此类身体功能的步行训练研究进行评估。本综述的目的是评估现有文献，这些文献突出了步行训练对提高中风幸存者步行能力的影响。我们对在线数据库——谷歌学术、PubMed、CINHAL、考科蓝图书馆、Scopus和EBSCO——进行了系统的文献综述，纳入标准如下：2005年至2016年发表的英文稿件，设有治疗组和对照组，针对旨在改善中风幸存者身体功能的步行训练研究。研究结果表明，步行速度、步行距离和步态速度是衡量中风幸存者身体功能改善情况最常用的结果变量。重要的是，所提出的干预措施涉及地面行走或跑步机行走训练，若不是两者都涉及的话。随访时并非在所有干预措施中都观察到运动功能的持续改善。一些采用听觉刺激增强的跑步机行走训练的干预措施报告称，与采用听觉刺激增强的地面行走训练相比，身体功能有显著改善。改善身体有损伤的中风幸存者的身体功能至关重要，因为这能让幸存者在社交、情感和身体方面更加独立。总体而言，我们注意到关于中风幸存者身体功能与社交之间相互作用的研究不足。
