Kane J M
Schizophr Bull. 1987;13(1):133-56. doi: 10.1093/schbul/13.1.133.
Antipsychotic medication remains a mainstay of treatment in both acute and chronic schizophrenia. Emphasis in recent years has focused on maximizing benefits and minimizing risks of medication by attempting to establish minimum effective dosage requirements for all phases of treatment and to provide alternative strategies for individuals who fail to benefit from antipsychotic drug treatment. At present all approaches to the treatment-refractory patient remain experimental, and further research in this area is of critical importance. Definite advances have been made in exploring the impact of psychological and psychosocial treatments administered in conjunction with various antipsychotic drug strategies. More sophisticated and comprehensive assessment measures have been applied in long-term treatment trials, enabling us to be more specific about treatment goals and treatment evaluation. Although no major "breakthrough" has occurred in the treatment of schizophrenia, incremental advances which can reduce rates of relapse and rehospitalization, improve the quality of adaptation, and reduce the risk of significant adverse effects are of enormous importance to affected individuals, their families, and society at large.
抗精神病药物仍然是急性和慢性精神分裂症治疗的主要手段。近年来，重点一直放在通过尝试确定治疗各阶段的最低有效剂量要求，并为无法从抗精神病药物治疗中获益的个体提供替代策略，来使药物的益处最大化并将风险最小化。目前，针对治疗难治性患者的所有方法仍处于试验阶段，该领域的进一步研究至关重要。在探索与各种抗精神病药物策略联合使用的心理和社会心理治疗的影响方面已取得了明确进展。更复杂和全面的评估措施已应用于长期治疗试验中，使我们能够更明确治疗目标和治疗评估。尽管在精神分裂症治疗方面尚未出现重大“突破”，但能够降低复发率和再住院率、改善适应质量并降低严重不良反应风险的渐进性进展，对受影响的个体、他们的家庭以及整个社会都极为重要。
