Tan Chin Lik, Alavi Seyed Alireza, Baldeweg Stephanie E, Belli Antonio, Carson Alan, Feeney Claire, Goldstone Anthony P, Greenwood Richard, Menon David K, Simpson Helen L, Toogood Andrew A, Gurnell Mark, Hutchinson Peter J
Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB20QQ, UK.
Department of Neurosurgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017 Nov;88(11):971-981. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-315500. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
Pituitary dysfunction is a recognised, but potentially underdiagnosed complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Post-traumatic hypopituitarism (PTHP) can have major consequences for patients physically, psychologically, emotionally and socially, leading to reduced quality of life, depression and poor rehabilitation outcome. However, studies on the incidence of PTHP have yielded highly variable findings. The risk factors and pathophysiology of this condition are also not yet fully understood. There is currently no national consensus for the screening and detection of PTHP in patients with TBI, with practice likely varying significantly between centres. In view of this, a guidance development group consisting of expert clinicians involved in the care of patients with TBI, including neurosurgeons, neurologists, neurointensivists and endocrinologists, was convened to formulate national guidance with the aim of facilitating consistency and uniformity in the care of patients with TBI, and ensuring timely detection or exclusion of PTHP where appropriate. This article summarises the current literature on PTHP, and sets out guidance for the screening and management of pituitary dysfunction in adult patients with TBI. It is hoped that future research will lead to more definitive recommendations in the form of guidelines.
垂体功能障碍是创伤性脑损伤(TBI)一种已被认识但可能诊断不足的并发症。创伤后垂体功能减退(PTHP)会对患者的身体、心理、情感和社交方面产生重大影响,导致生活质量下降、抑郁以及康复效果不佳。然而,关于PTHP发病率的研究结果差异很大。这种情况的危险因素和病理生理学也尚未完全了解。目前在TBI患者中筛查和检测PTHP尚无全国性共识,各中心的做法可能差异很大。有鉴于此,一个由参与TBI患者护理的专家临床医生组成的指南制定小组召开会议,这些专家包括神经外科医生、神经内科医生、神经重症医生和内分泌科医生,旨在制定全国性指南,以促进TBI患者护理的一致性和统一性,并确保在适当情况下及时检测或排除PTHP。本文总结了当前关于PTHP的文献,并为成年TBI患者垂体功能障碍的筛查和管理制定了指南。希望未来的研究能以指南的形式得出更明确的建议。