Thompson Benjamin, McKinlay Christopher J D, Chakraborty Arijit, Anstice Nicola S, Jacobs Robert J, Paudel Nabin, Yu Tzu-Ying, Ansell Judith M, Wouldes Trecia A, Harding Jane E
School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Paediatrics: Youth and Child Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Neurosci Lett. 2017 Sep 29;658:177-181. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.062. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
The dorsal visual processing stream that includes V1, motion sensitive area V5 and the posterior parietal lobe, supports visually guided motor function. Two recent studies have reported associations between global motion perception, a behavioural measure of processing in V5, and motor function in pre-school and school aged children. This indicates a relationship between visual and motor development and also supports the use of global motion perception to assess overall dorsal stream function in studies of human neurodevelopment. We investigated whether associations between vision and motor function were present at 2 years of age, a substantially earlier stage of development. The Bayley III test of Infant and Toddler Development and measures of vision including visual acuity (Cardiff Acuity Cards), stereopsis (Lang stereotest) and global motion perception were attempted in 404 2-year-old children (±4 weeks). Global motion perception (quantified as a motion coherence threshold) was assessed by observing optokinetic nystagmus in response to random dot kinematograms of varying coherence. Linear regression revealed that global motion perception was modestly, but statistically significantly associated with Bayley III composite motor (r=0.06, P<0.001, n=375) and gross motor scores (r=0.06, p<0.001, n=375). The associations remained significant when language score was included in the regression model. In addition, when language score was included in the model, stereopsis was significantly associated with composite motor and fine motor scores, but unaided visual acuity was not statistically significantly associated with any of the motor scores. These results demonstrate that global motion perception and binocular vision are associated with motor function at an early stage of development. Global motion perception can be used as a partial measure of dorsal stream function from early childhood.
包括V1、运动敏感区V5和顶叶后部的背侧视觉处理流支持视觉引导的运动功能。最近的两项研究报告了整体运动感知（V5区域处理的一种行为测量指标）与学龄前和学龄儿童运动功能之间的关联。这表明视觉和运动发育之间存在关系，也支持在人类神经发育研究中使用整体运动感知来评估背侧流的整体功能。我们调查了在2岁这一更早的发育阶段，视觉与运动功能之间是否存在关联。对404名2岁儿童（±4周）进行了贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版测试以及包括视力（加的夫视力卡片）、立体视觉（朗氏立体视觉测试）和整体运动感知在内的视觉测量。通过观察对不同连贯性的随机点运动图做出反应的视动性眼球震颤来评估整体运动感知（量化为运动连贯性阈值）。线性回归显示，整体运动感知与贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版综合运动得分（r = 0.06，P < 0.001，n = 375）和粗大运动得分（r = 0.06，p < 0.001，n = 375）呈适度但具有统计学意义的关联。当语言得分纳入回归模型时，这种关联仍然显著。此外，当语言得分纳入模型时，立体视觉与综合运动和精细运动得分显著相关，但裸眼视力与任何运动得分均无统计学意义上的关联。这些结果表明，整体运动感知和双眼视觉在发育早期与运动功能相关。整体运动感知可从幼儿期起用作背侧流功能的部分测量指标。
