College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Drugs R D. 2017 Dec;17(4):493-507. doi: 10.1007/s40268-017-0207-7.
Various adverse events resulting from, or associated with, benzodiazepine and/or Z-drug use have been extensively reported on and discussed in great detail within the biomedical literature. It is widely accepted that motor vehicle accidents and falls leading to fractures in older adults are major adverse events that have been shown to occur more frequently in users of sedative-hypnotic medication, especially of the benzodiazepine and related Z-drug variety. However, the last few years have seen increasing reports in the literature raising the issue of benzodiazepine and Z-drug exposure in the development of other serious medical issues including dementia, infections, respiratory disease exacerbation, pancreatitis, and cancer. This article provides an overview and interpretation on the current state of evidence regarding each of these associations and proposes what gaps in the evidence for drug-exposure-harm associations need to be addressed in the future for the purpose of evaluating causality of harm as it relates to these drugs.
在生物医学文献中，广泛报道并详细讨论了苯二氮䓬类和/或 Z 类药物使用引起或与之相关的各种不良事件。人们普遍认为，机动车事故和导致老年人骨折的跌倒，是主要的不良事件，在镇静催眠药物（尤其是苯二氮䓬类和相关 Z 类药物）使用者中更常发生。然而，近年来文献中越来越多的报告提出了苯二氮䓬类和 Z 类药物暴露与其他严重医疗问题（包括痴呆、感染、呼吸疾病恶化、胰腺炎和癌症）发展之间的关系问题。本文就这些关联的当前证据状况进行了综述和解释，并提出了未来需要解决的药物暴露危害关联证据中的空白，以评估与这些药物相关的危害的因果关系。
