22例欧洲红豆杉致命中毒的尸检结果及其检测的一种可能解决方案。
Post-mortem findings in 22 fatal Taxus baccata intoxications and a possible solution to its detection.
作者信息
Reijnen Guido, Bethlehem Corine, van Remmen Jacquo M B L, Smit Hans J M, van Luin Matthijs, Reijnders Udo J L
机构信息
Rijnstate Hospital, Department of Pulmonology, Arnhem, The Netherlands; Public Health Service, Department of Forensic Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Public Health Service, Department of Forensic Medicine, Arnhem, The Netherlands.
Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Arnhem, The Netherlands.
出版信息
J Forensic Leg Med. 2017 Nov;52:56-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2017.08.016. Epub 2017 Aug 25.
BACKGROUND
The yew (Taxus baccata) is a common evergreen tree containing the toxin taxine B. Between 42 and 91 g of yew leaf is lethal to a 70-kg adult. The objective of this article is to present an overview of findings in fatal yew intoxications.
METHODS
A search using MeSH terms was performed in PubMed for yew intoxications in the period between January 1960 and August of 2016.
RESULTS
We describe a total of 22 cases. Fatal intoxications can be divided into intoxications by leaves, by pulp, by bark and by yew tea. Recognizing yew tea intoxication is difficult since tea no longer contains any botanically recognisable parts. In autopsy and external examination no characteristic findings are reported, regarding the presence of parts of plants.
CONCLUSIONS
Indications for yew tree intoxications at a post-mortem examination and autopsy are limited to finding parts of yew tree. The absence of recognisable parts can result in yew intoxications being overlooked. Therefore toxicological screening is recommended in unexplained deaths.
背景
紫杉（欧洲红豆杉）是一种常见的常绿乔木，含有毒素紫杉碱B。42至91克紫杉树叶对一名70公斤的成年人具有致死性。本文的目的是概述紫杉中毒致死的研究结果。
方法
使用医学主题词在PubMed中检索1960年1月至2016年8月期间的紫杉中毒情况。
结果
我们共描述了22例病例。致死性中毒可分为因树叶、果肉、树皮和紫杉茶引起的中毒。识别紫杉茶中毒很困难，因为茶中不再含有任何可从植物学上识别的部分。在尸检和外部检查中，未报告关于植物部分存在的特征性发现。
结论
尸检和解剖时紫杉中毒的迹象仅限于发现紫杉树的部分。没有可识别的部分可能导致紫杉中毒被忽视。因此，建议在不明原因死亡时进行毒理学筛查。
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