Trauma and Orthopaedics Department, Bolton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
Medical School, Manchester University, Manchester, UK.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2017 Dec;26(12):e382-e389. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
This study compared the accuracy of measuring shoulder range of movement (ROM) with a simple laptop-sensor combination vs. trained observers (shoulder physiotherapists and shoulder surgeons) using motion capture (MoCap) laboratory equipment as the gold standard.
The Microsoft Kinect sensor (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA) tracks 3-dimensional human motion. Ordinarily used with an Xbox (Microsoft Corp.) video game console, Medical Interactive Recovery Assistant (MIRA) software (MIRA Rehab Ltd., London, UK) allows this small sensor to measure shoulder movement with a standard computer. Shoulder movements of 49 healthy volunteers were simultaneously measured by trained observers, MoCap, and the MIRA device. Internal rotation was assessed with the shoulder abducted 90° and external rotation with the shoulder adducted. Visual estimation and MIRA measurements were compared with gold standard MoCap measurements for agreement using Bland-Altman methods.
There were 1670 measurements analyzed. The MIRA evaluations of all 4 cardinal shoulder movements were significantly more precise, with narrower limits of agreement, than the measurements of trained observers. MIRA achieved ±11° (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.7°-12.6°) for forward flexion vs. ±16° (95% CI, 14.6°-17.6°) by trained observers. For abduction, MIRA showed ±11° (95% CI, 8.7°-12.8°) against ±15° (95% CI, 13.4°-16.2°) for trained observers. MIRA attained ±10° (95% CI, 8.1°-11.9°) during external rotation measurement, whereas trained observers only reached ±21° (95% CI, 18.7°-22.6°). For internal rotation, MIRA achieved ±9° (95% CI, 7.2°-10.4°), which was again better than TOs at ±18° (95% CI, 16.0°-19.3°).
A laptop combined with a Microsoft Kinect sensor and the MIRA software can measure shoulder movements with acceptable levels of accuracy. This technology, which can be easily set up, may also allow precise shoulder ROM measurement outside the clinic setting.
本研究比较了使用笔记本电脑传感器组合与经过训练的观察者（肩部物理治疗师和肩部外科医生）使用运动捕捉（MoCap）实验室设备测量肩部活动范围（ROM）的准确性，后者作为金标准。
微软 Kinect 传感器（微软公司，雷德蒙德，华盛顿州，美国）跟踪三维人体运动。通常与 Xbox（微软公司）视频游戏控制台一起使用，Medical Interactive Recovery Assistant（MIRA）软件（MIRA Rehab Ltd.，伦敦，英国）允许这个小传感器使用标准计算机测量肩部运动。49 名健康志愿者的肩部运动同时由经过训练的观察者、MoCap 和 MIRA 设备进行测量。内旋在肩部外展 90°时评估，外旋在肩部内收时评估。使用 Bland-Altman 方法比较视觉估计和 MIRA 测量值与金标准 MoCap 测量值的一致性。
共分析了 1670 次测量值。MIRA 对所有 4 个主要肩部运动的评估都明显更精确，一致性界限更窄。MIRA 在进行前屈时达到了±11°（95%置信区间[CI]，8.7°-12.6°），而经过训练的观察者为±16°（95%CI，14.6°-17.6°）。对于外展，MIRA 显示为±11°（95%CI，8.7°-12.8°），而经过训练的观察者为±15°（95%CI，13.4°-16.2°）。在进行外旋测量时，MIRA 达到了±10°（95%CI，8.1°-11.9°），而经过训练的观察者仅达到了±21°（95%CI，18.7°-22.6°）。对于内旋，MIRA 达到了±9°（95%CI，7.2°-10.4°），这再次优于经过训练的观察者的±18°（95%CI，16.0°-19.3°）。
笔记本电脑与微软 Kinect 传感器和 MIRA 软件相结合，可以以可接受的准确度测量肩部运动。这种技术易于设置，也可以在诊所外环境中进行精确的肩部 ROM 测量。
