Bouwman Tamara E, Aartsen Marja J, van Tilburg Theo G, Stevens Nan L
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Ageing Research and Housing Studies, NOVA - Norwegian Social Research, Norway.
J Soc Pers Relat. 2017 Sep;34(6):793-811. doi: 10.1177/0265407516659158. Epub 2016 Jul 13.
Loneliness stems from a mismatch between the social relationships one has and those one desires. Loneliness often has severe consequences for individuals and society. Recently, an online adaptation of the friendship enrichment program (FEP) was developed and tested to gain insight in its contribution to the alleviation of loneliness. Three loneliness coping strategies are introduced during the program: network development, adapting relationship standards, and reducing the importance of the discrepancy between actual and desired relationships. Data were collected among 239 participants aged 50-86. Loneliness was measured four times using a multi-item scale, and on various days with a single, direct question. Loneliness assessed with the scale declined during and after the program. Scores on loneliness assessed for a specific day, however, are more ambiguous. Despite the immediate positive effect of conducting assignments, we did not observe a decline in the single loneliness item score over the course of the program. The online FEP seems to reduce loneliness in general, but these effects are not visible on today's loneliness. Nevertheless, the online intervention to reduce loneliness is a valuable new contribution to the collection of loneliness interventions.
孤独源于一个人现有的社会关系与期望的社会关系之间的不匹配。孤独往往会给个人和社会带来严重后果。最近，开发并测试了友谊强化计划（FEP）的在线版本，以深入了解其对减轻孤独感的作用。该计划引入了三种应对孤独的策略：拓展社交网络、调整关系标准以及降低实际关系与期望关系之间差异的重要性。研究收集了239名年龄在50至86岁之间的参与者的数据。使用多项目量表对孤独感进行了四次测量，并在不同日期通过一个直接的单项问题进行评估。通过量表评估的孤独感在计划期间及之后有所下降。然而，针对特定一天评估的孤独感得分则较为模糊。尽管完成任务有即时的积极效果，但在整个计划过程中，我们并未观察到单项孤独感得分有所下降。在线FEP总体上似乎能减轻孤独感，但这些效果在当日的孤独感上并不明显。尽管如此，减少孤独感的在线干预措施是对孤独干预措施集合的一项有价值的新贡献。
