Guan Lili, Zhao Yufang, Wang Yige, Chen Yujie, Yang Juan
School of Psychology, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun, China.
Faculty of Psychology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China.
Front Psychol. 2017 Aug 18;8:1399. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01399. eCollection 2017.
The self-face processing advantage (SPA) refers to the research finding that individuals generally recognize their own face faster than another's face; self-face also elicits an enhanced P3 amplitude compared to another's face. It has been suggested that social evaluation threats could weaken the SPA and that self-esteem could be regarded as a threat buffer. However, little research has directly investigated the neural evidence of how self-esteem modulates the social evaluation threat to the SPA. In the current event-related potential study, 27 healthy Chinese undergraduate students were primed with emotional faces (angry, happy, or neutral) and were asked to judge whether the target face (self, friend, and stranger) was familiar or unfamiliar. Electrophysiological results showed that after priming with emotional faces (angry and happy), self-face elicited similar P3 amplitudes to friend-face in individuals with low self-esteem, but not in individuals with high self-esteem. The results suggest that as low self-esteem raises fears of social rejection and exclusion, priming with emotional faces (angry and happy) can weaken the SPA in low self-esteem individuals but not in high self-esteem individuals.
自我面孔加工优势（SPA）指的是一项研究发现，即个体通常识别自己的面孔比识别他人的面孔更快；与他人的面孔相比，自我面孔还会引发增强的P3波幅。有人提出，社会评价威胁可能会削弱SPA，并且自尊可以被视为一种威胁缓冲。然而，很少有研究直接探究自尊如何调节对SPA的社会评价威胁的神经证据。在当前的事件相关电位研究中，27名健康的中国本科生被呈现情绪面孔（愤怒、高兴或中性），并被要求判断目标面孔（自己、朋友和陌生人）是熟悉还是不熟悉。电生理结果表明，在用情绪面孔（愤怒和高兴）进行启动后，低自尊个体中自我面孔引发的P3波幅与朋友面孔相似，但高自尊个体中并非如此。结果表明，由于低自尊会增加对社会拒绝和排斥的恐惧，用情绪面孔（愤怒和高兴）进行启动会削弱低自尊个体的SPA，但不会削弱高自尊个体的SPA。
