Sharma Deepak, Farahbakhsh Nazanin
a Department of Neonatology , National Institute of Medical Sciences , Jaipur , India.
b Department of Pulmonology , Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019 Jan;32(2):310-316. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1376317. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
Among the common causes of neonatal admission to NICU, respiratory distress is one of the important causes. The neonatal respiratory distress is end result of various pulmonary and non-pulmonary causes. Differentiation of pulmonary causes of respiratory distress is important for the neonatologist as treatment differs with different etiologies. Conventionally, chest X-ray and sometimes CT scan have been used to identify the etiology of respiratory distress but these modalities have several limitations which make their use in NICU doubtful. In recent decades, there has been use of lung ultrasound (LUS) to identify and differentiate the etiologies of respiratory distress. The current available evidence show that LUS has good sensitivity and specificity to identify all the common causes of neonatal distress like respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of newborn, pneumothorax, and pneumonia. This review will cover the various uses of LUS in neonatal care with current available evidence.
在新生儿入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的常见原因中，呼吸窘迫是重要原因之一。新生儿呼吸窘迫是各种肺部和非肺部原因导致的最终结果。对于新生儿科医生来说，区分呼吸窘迫的肺部原因很重要，因为不同病因的治疗方法不同。传统上，胸部X光检查有时还有CT扫描被用于确定呼吸窘迫的病因，但这些检查方式有若干局限性，这使得它们在NICU中的应用存疑。近几十年来，肺部超声（LUS）已被用于识别和区分呼吸窘迫的病因。目前可得的证据表明，LUS在识别新生儿窘迫的所有常见原因（如呼吸窘迫综合征、新生儿短暂性呼吸急促、气胸和肺炎）方面具有良好的敏感性和特异性。本综述将结合当前可得的证据，阐述LUS在新生儿护理中的各种应用。
