Andersson-Hall Ulrika, Pettersson Stefan, Edin Fredrik, Pedersen Anders, Malmodin Daniel, Madsen Klavs
1 University of Gothenburg.
2 Arhus University.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2018 Jan 1;28(1):37-45. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0129. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
This study investigated how postexercise intake of placebo (PLA), protein (PRO), or carbohydrate (CHO) affected fat oxidation (FO) and metabolic parameters during recovery and subsequent exercise.
In a cross-over design, 12 moderately trained women (VO 45 ± 6 ml·min·kg) performed three days of testing. A 23-min control (CON) incremental FO bike test (30-80% VO) was followed by 60 min exercise at 75% VO. Immediately postexercise, subjects ingested PLA, 20 g PRO, or 40 g CHO followed by a second FO bike test 2 h later.
Maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the intensity at which MFO occurs (Fat) increased at the second FO test compared to the first following all three postexercise drinks (MFO for CON = 0.28 ± 0.08, PLA = 0.57 ± 0.13, PRO = 0.52 ± 0.08, CHO = 0.44 ± 0.12 g fat·min; Fat for CON = 41 ± 7, PLA = 54 ± 4, PRO = 55 ± 6, CHO = 50 ± 8 %VO, p < 0.01 for all values compared to CON). Resting FO, MFO, and Fat were not significantly different between PLA and PRO, but lower for CHO. PRO and CHO increased insulin levels at 1 h postexercise, though both glucose and insulin were equal with PLA at 2 h postexercise. Increased postexercise ketone levels only occurred with PLA.
Protein supplementation immediately postexercise did not affect the doubling in whole body fat oxidation seen during a subsequent exercise trial 2 h later. Neither did it affect resting fat oxidation during the postexercise period despite increased insulin levels and attenuated ketosis. Carbohydrate intake dampened the increase in fat oxidation during the second test, though a significant increase was still observed compared to the first test.
本研究调查了运动后摄入安慰剂（PLA）、蛋白质（PRO）或碳水化合物（CHO）如何影响恢复期间及后续运动中的脂肪氧化（FO）和代谢参数。
采用交叉设计，12名中度训练的女性（VO₂max为45±6 ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹）进行了为期三天的测试。先进行23分钟的对照（CON）递增式FO自行车测试（30 - 80%VO₂max），随后以75%VO₂max进行60分钟运动。运动后立即，受试者摄入PLA、20克PRO或40克CHO，2小时后进行第二次FO自行车测试。
与第一次相比，在所有三种运动后饮料摄入后的第二次FO测试中，最大脂肪氧化（MFO）以及出现MFO的强度（Fat）均增加（CON组的MFO = 0.28±0.08，PLA组 = 0.57±0.13，PRO组 = 0.52±0.08，CHO组 = 0.44±0.12克脂肪·分钟；CON组的Fat = 41±7，PLA组 = 54±4英寸，PRO组 = 55±6，CHO组 = 50±8 %VO₂max，与CON组相比所有值p < 0.01）。PLA和PRO之间的静息FO、MFO和Fat无显著差异，但CHO组较低。PRO和CHO在运动后1小时时胰岛素水平升高，不过在运动后2小时时葡萄糖和胰岛素水平与PLA组相当。仅PLA组运动后酮水平升高。
运动后立即补充蛋白质对2小时后后续运动试验中全身脂肪氧化增加一倍没有影响。尽管胰岛素水平升高且酮症减轻，但它也不影响运动后期间的静息脂肪氧化。碳水化合物摄入抑制了第二次测试中脂肪氧化的增加，不过与第一次测试相比仍观察到显著增加。
