Kokoro Research Center.
Emotion. 2018 Sep;18(6):872-885. doi: 10.1037/emo0000286. Epub 2017 Sep 4.
The ability to perceive a person's dominance plays an important role in survival and pro-social behavior. Perceived dominance has been investigated via assessments of facial expressions in 1-on-1 interaction situations, with expressions of anger and disgust judged to be more dominant. Given that human social interactions are complex, and multiple individuals interact at the same time, we investigated perceptions of trait dominance (an individual's competence and tendency to engage in dominant behavior) and relative dominance (an individual's social dominance within a social group). Participants were asked to rate the trait dominance of individuals depicted in pictorial stimuli. Results indicated that participants judged individuals expressing anger and disgust higher on trait dominance than individuals expressing happiness. Interestingly, when participants judged which of 2 individuals were more dominant in a confrontation scene, they judged individuals with happy expressions to be more dominant. These perceptions were consistent independent of the overall context. These results suggest that humans perceive social dominance without comparing personality trait dominance, and that criteria for evaluating social and personality trait dominance differ. (PsycINFO Database Record
感知他人的支配地位在生存和亲社会行为中起着重要作用。通过对 1 对 1 互动情境中的面部表情评估来研究支配地位，愤怒和厌恶的表情被认为更具支配力。鉴于人类的社交互动是复杂的，并且多个个体同时互动，我们研究了特质支配地位（个体的能力和倾向于表现出支配行为的倾向）和相对支配地位（个体在社交群体中的社会支配地位）的感知。要求参与者对描绘在图像刺激中的个体的特质支配地位进行评分。结果表明，与表现出快乐的个体相比，参与者认为表现出愤怒和厌恶表情的个体在特质支配地位上更高。有趣的是，当参与者判断在对抗场景中哪两个人更具支配力时，他们判断表现出快乐表情的个体更具支配力。这些感知是一致的，不依赖于整体背景。这些结果表明，人类在不比较人格特质支配地位的情况下感知社会支配地位，并且评估社会和人格特质支配地位的标准不同。
