Regoli Marì, Ogut Eren, Bertelli Eugenio
Ital J Anat Embryol. 2016;121(1):66-76.
The present investigation was designed to study the anatomy of the ethmoidal foramina in adult human dry skulls. In addition to investigate the number of ethmoidal foramina that can be found on the orbital wall, we also addressed their classification and symmetry. The analy- sis of 1089 orbits demonstrated that the average number of ethmoidal foramina/orbit was 2.07 (range 0 to 4). As for their classification, we devised the relative depth index (RDI) to differenti- ate the anterior from the posterior ethmoidal foramina. The index represents the ratio "distance of the foramen from the anterior lacrimal crest/length of the medial orbital wall". The average index of the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina were 0.53±0.04 and 0.84±0.06 respective- ly. As the mean of the two indexes was 0.685, we used the latter value as a sort of numerical watershed to define the domains of the anterior and of the posterior ethmoidal foramina on the orbital wall. Thus all ethmoidal foramina with an RDI : 0.68 were considered anterior ethmoi- dal foramina and all ethmoidal foramina with an RDI 0.69 were considered posterior ethmoi- dal foramina. In this way it is possible to properly classify foramina on orbits with 1,.3 or 4 ethmoidal foramina. As for their symmetry, in contrast to what had been previously reported, we observed that in most cases ethmoidal foramina have a highly symmetric arrangement both in terms of number of foramina on fellow orbits and of position along the orbital wall.
本研究旨在探讨成人干燥颅骨中筛孔的解剖结构。除了研究眶壁上筛孔的数量外，我们还对其进行了分类并研究了对称性。对1089个眼眶的分析表明，每个眼眶中筛孔的平均数量为2.07个（范围为0至4个）。关于筛孔的分类，我们设计了相对深度指数（RDI）来区分前筛孔和后筛孔。该指数表示“筛孔到前泪嵴的距离/眶内侧壁长度”的比值。前筛孔和后筛孔的平均指数分别为0.53±0.04和0.84±0.06。由于这两个指数的平均值为0.685，我们将后者作为一个数值分水岭，以定义眶壁上前筛孔和后筛孔的区域。因此，所有RDI≤0.68的筛孔被视为前筛孔，所有RDI≥0.69的筛孔被视为后筛孔。通过这种方式，可以对有1、3或4个筛孔的眼眶上的筛孔进行正确分类。关于筛孔的对称性，与先前报道的情况相反，我们观察到在大多数情况下，筛孔在同侧眼眶上的数量以及沿眶壁的位置方面都具有高度对称的排列。
