Callegari Emma T, Garland Suzanne M, Gorelik Alexandra, Reavley Nicola J, Wark John D
1Department of Medicine,Royal Melbourne Hospital,The University of Melbourne,Parkville,VIC 3050,Australia.
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,The University of Melbourne,Parkville,VIC 3010,Australia.
Br J Nutr. 2017 Aug;118(4):263-272. doi: 10.1017/S0007114517002021.
Vitamin D deficiency is a global public health concern. Studies of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) determinants in young women are limited and few include objective covariates. Our aims were to define the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and examine serum 25(OH)D correlates in an exploratory study of women aged 16-25 years. We studied 348 healthy females living in Victoria, Australia, recruited through Facebook. Data collected included serum 25(OH)D assayed by liquid chromatography-tandem MS, relevant serum biochemistry, soft tissue composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, skin melanin density, Fitzpatrick skin type, sun exposure using UV dosimeters and lifestyle factors. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 68 (sd 27) nmol/l and 26 % were vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D 2 h in the sun in summer daily, holidaying in the most recent summer period, serum Fe levels, height and multivitamin use were positively associated with 25(OH)D. Fat mass and a blood draw in any season except summer was inversely associated with 25(OH)D. Vitamin D deficiency is common in young women. Factors such as hormonal contraception, sun exposure and sun-related attitudes, as well as dietary supplement use are essential to consider when assessing vitamin D status. Further investigation into methods to safely optimise vitamin D status and to improve understanding of the impact of vitamin D status on long-term health outcomes is required.
维生素D缺乏是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。针对年轻女性血清25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）决定因素的研究有限，且很少纳入客观协变量。我们的目的是在一项针对16至25岁女性的探索性研究中确定维生素D缺乏的患病率，并检查血清25(OH)D的相关因素。我们研究了通过脸书招募的348名居住在澳大利亚维多利亚州的健康女性。收集的数据包括通过液相色谱-串联质谱法测定的血清25(OH)D、相关血清生化指标、通过双能X射线吸收法测定的软组织成分、皮肤黑色素密度、菲茨帕特里克皮肤类型、使用紫外线剂量计测量的日照情况以及生活方式因素。血清25(OH)D的平均水平为68（标准差27）nmol/l，26%的女性存在维生素D缺乏（25(OH)D<50 nmol/l）。夏季每天在户外暴露2小时以上、在最近一个夏季假期晒太阳、血清铁水平、身高和使用多种维生素与25(OH)D呈正相关。除夏季外，任何季节的脂肪量和采血与25(OH)D呈负相关。维生素D缺乏在年轻女性中很常见。在评估维生素D状态时，激素避孕、日照及与阳光相关的态度以及膳食补充剂的使用等因素至关重要。需要进一步研究安全优化维生素D状态的方法，并加深对维生素D状态对长期健康结果影响的理解。
