Higuchi Daisuke, Echigo Ayumi
Department of Physical Therapy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, Tohoku Medical College, Japan.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2017 Aug;29(8):1421-1425. doi: 10.1589/jpts.29.1421. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
[Purpose] This study aimed to identify social skills and support that are related to the coping strategies Janpanese physical therapy students use during their clinical practice. [Subjects and Methods] Third-year students who were finished with their clinical practice participated. Self-administered questionnaires were used, including the daily life skill scale, social support scale, and tri-axial coping scale. Spearman's partial correlation coefficients were calculated between social skills, support of daily living, and coping strategies used during the clinical practice, while controlling for gender. [Results] A total of 56 completed questionnaires (median of age: 21 years; 27 males). Social skills during personal situations-knowledge summarization, self-esteem, and positive thinking-were significantly, positively correlated with planning and affirmative interpreting strategies to approach stressors regarding clinical practice, and negatively related to giving up strategies to avoid stressors. Intimacy, leadership, and empathy (social skills during interpersonal situations) were significantly, positively correlated with the following responses to approach stressors: catharsis, information gathering, and affirmative interpreting. Moreover, emotional/companionship social support was significantly, positively correlated with all avoidant coping strategies. [Conclusion] Japanese physical therapy students who had low personal and interpersonal social skills and excess emotional/companionship support in daily life tend to select avoidance, not approach, coping strategies during clinical practice.
[目的] 本研究旨在确定与日本物理治疗专业学生在临床实习期间所采用应对策略相关的社交技能和支持因素。[对象与方法] 选取已完成临床实习的三年级学生作为研究对象。采用自填式问卷，包括日常生活技能量表、社会支持量表和三轴应对量表。在控制性别因素的情况下，计算社交技能、日常生活支持与临床实习期间所采用应对策略之间的斯皮尔曼偏相关系数。[结果] 共收集到56份完整问卷（年龄中位数：21岁；男性27名）。个人情境下的社交技能——知识总结、自尊和积极思考——与针对临床实习压力源的计划和肯定性解读策略显著正相关，与为避免压力源而采取的放弃策略显著负相关。亲密感、领导力和同理心（人际情境下的社交技能）与应对压力源的以下反应显著正相关：宣泄、信息收集和肯定性解读。此外，情感/陪伴型社会支持与所有回避应对策略显著正相关。[结论] 在日常生活中个人和人际社交技能较低且情感/陪伴型支持过多的日本物理治疗专业学生，在临床实习期间倾向于选择回避而非积极应对策略。
