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异三聚体G蛋白Gα亚基基因的突变是大麦半矮化表型的原因，可应用于实际育种。

Mutations in the gene of the Gα subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein are the cause for the semi-dwarf phenotype in barley and applicable for practical breeding.

作者信息

Braumann Ilka, Dockter Christoph, Beier Sebastian, Himmelbach Axel, Lok Finn, Lundqvist Udda, Skadhauge Birgitte, Stein Nils, Zakhrabekova Shakhira, Zhou Ruonan, Hansson Mats

机构信息

Carlsberg Research Laboratory, J. C. Jacobsens Gade 4, DK-1799 Copenhagen V, Denmark.

Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, DE-06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany.

出版信息

Hereditas. 2017 Sep 5;155:10. doi: 10.1186/s41065-017-0045-1. eCollection 2018.

DOI:10.1186/s41065-017-0045-1
PMID:28878591
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5583965/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Short-culm mutants have been widely used in breeding programs to increase lodging resistance. In barley ( L.), several hundreds of short-culm mutants have been isolated over the years. The objective of the present study was to identify the () semi-dwarfing gene and to test its effect on yield and malting quality.

RESULTS

Double-haploid lines generated through a cross between a mutant and the European elite malting cultivar Quench, showed good malting quality but a decrease in yield. Especially the activities of the starch degrading enzymes β-amylase and free limit dextrinase were high. A syntenic approach comparing markers in barley to those in rice ( L.), sorghum ( Moench) and brachypodium ( P. Beauv) helped us to identify as an orthologue of rice encoding the Gα subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein. We demonstrated that is allelic to . Sixteen different mutant alleles were described at the DNA level.

CONCLUSIONS

Mutants in the locus are deficient in the Gα subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein, which shows that heterotrimeric G proteins are important regulators of culm length in barley. Mutant alleles do not have any major negative effects on malting quality.

摘要

背景

矮秆突变体已广泛应用于育种计划以提高抗倒伏性。多年来，在大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）中已分离出数百个矮秆突变体。本研究的目的是鉴定（sdw1）半矮化基因并测试其对产量和麦芽品质的影响。

结果

通过一个sdw1突变体与欧洲优良麦芽品种Quench杂交产生的双单倍体系，表现出良好的麦芽品质，但产量有所下降。特别是淀粉降解酶β-淀粉酶和游离极限糊精酶的活性较高。一种将大麦中的标记与水稻（Oryza sativa L.）、高粱（Sorghum bicolor Moench）和短柄草（Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv）中的标记进行比较的共线性方法帮助我们鉴定出sdw1是水稻sd1的直系同源基因，编码异源三聚体G蛋白的Gα亚基。我们证明sdw1与sd1等位。在DNA水平上描述了16个不同的突变等位基因。

结论

sdw1位点的突变体在异源三聚体G蛋白的Gα亚基上存在缺陷，这表明异源三聚体G蛋白是大麦茎长的重要调节因子。突变等位基因对麦芽品质没有任何重大负面影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/c1f55d00a1e8/41065_2017_45_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/4c5012971332/41065_2017_45_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/f7d56ab18892/41065_2017_45_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/381706c537c4/41065_2017_45_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/3d2497678f1e/41065_2017_45_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/17a578afaa15/41065_2017_45_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/0cf6d40b9ff3/41065_2017_45_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/c1f55d00a1e8/41065_2017_45_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/4c5012971332/41065_2017_45_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/f7d56ab18892/41065_2017_45_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/381706c537c4/41065_2017_45_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/3d2497678f1e/41065_2017_45_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/17a578afaa15/41065_2017_45_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/0cf6d40b9ff3/41065_2017_45_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/337d/5583965/c1f55d00a1e8/41065_2017_45_Fig7_HTML.jpg

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