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大麦突变体指南。

A guide to barley mutants.

机构信息

Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 22362, Lund, Sweden.

Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.

出版信息

Hereditas. 2024 Mar 8;161(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s41065-023-00304-w.

DOI:10.1186/s41065-023-00304-w
PMID:38454479
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10921644/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Mutants have had a fundamental impact upon scientific and applied genetics. They have paved the way for the molecular and genomic era, and most of today's crop plants are derived from breeding programs involving mutagenic treatments.

RESULTS

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most widely grown cereals in the world and has a long history as a crop plant. Barley breeding started more than 100 years ago and large breeding programs have collected and generated a wide range of natural and induced mutants, which often were deposited in genebanks around the world. In recent years, an increased interest in genetic diversity has brought many historic mutants into focus because the collections are regarded as valuable resources for understanding the genetic control of barley biology and barley breeding. The increased interest has been fueled also by recent advances in genomic research, which provided new tools and possibilities to analyze and reveal the genetic diversity of mutant collections.

CONCLUSION

Since detailed knowledge about phenotypic characters of the mutants is the key to success of genetic and genomic studies, we here provide a comprehensive description of mostly morphological barley mutants. The review is closely linked to the International Database for Barley Genes and Barley Genetic Stocks ( bgs.nordgen.org ) where further details and additional images of each mutant described in this review can be found.

摘要

背景

突变体对科学和应用遗传学产生了根本性的影响。它们为分子和基因组时代铺平了道路，今天的大多数作物都是通过涉及诱变处理的育种计划培育而来的。

结果

大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）是世界上种植最广泛的谷物之一，作为一种作物植物有着悠久的历史。大麦的育种始于 100 多年前，大型育种计划收集和产生了广泛的自然和诱导突变体，这些突变体通常被保存在世界各地的基因库中。近年来，人们对遗传多样性的兴趣日益浓厚，使许多历史悠久的突变体成为焦点，因为这些收藏被认为是理解大麦生物学和大麦育种遗传控制的有价值资源。这种兴趣的增加也受到基因组研究的最新进展的推动，这些进展为分析和揭示突变体收藏的遗传多样性提供了新的工具和可能性。

结论

由于对突变体表型特征的详细了解是遗传和基因组研究成功的关键，因此我们在此提供了对大麦突变体的综合描述，主要是形态学特征。本综述与国际大麦基因数据库和大麦遗传资源库（bgs.nordgen.org）紧密相关，在该数据库中可以找到本综述中描述的每个突变体的更多详细信息和附加图像。

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