Lescano de Souza Junior Alcione, Mancini Filho Jorge, Pavan Torres Rosângela, Irigoyen Maria Cláudia, Curi Rui
Medicine Department, University of Mato Grosso, Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Exp Physiol. 2017 Nov 1;102(11):1459-1473. doi: 10.1113/EP086332. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
What is the central question of this study? We investigated whether pretreatment with fish oil could prevent the major consequences of ischaemic injury to the heart. What is the main finding and its importance? Fish oil pretreatment attenuated the consequences of ischaemic injury as indicated by the small infarction area and the preservation of systolic function and coronary blood flow. These findings support the use of fish oil in order to reduce the impact of heart ischaemia. ω-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA)-rich fish oil supplementation has protective effects on heart ischaemic injury. Left ventricular (LV) ischaemia was induced in rats by permanent ligation of the left descending coronary artery. Saline, fish oil or soybean oil was administered daily by gavage [3 g (kg body weight) ] for 20 days before inducing ischaemia. Outcomes were assessed 24 h after left descending coronary artery ligation. Pretreatment with fish oil decreased the ω-6/ω-3 fatty acid ratio in the LV. A reduction in infarct size and in the intensity of ventricular systolic dysfunction was found in the fish oil group compared with the saline or soybean oil groups through echocardiographic evaluation. Before infarction, LV glycogen concentrations were decreased in the fish oil group compared with the saline group. Soybean oil pretreatment led to a further increase in the LV levels of CINC-2/αβ, IL-1β and TNF-α induced by the heart infarction. In heart-infarcted rats, fish oil pretreatment decreased creatine kinase and caspase-3 activities; prevented the decrease in the coronary blood flow; increased LV contents of ATP and lactate; increased the mRNA levels of iNOS, eNOS, HIF1α, GLUT1, VEGF-α and p53 in the LV as measured by RT-PCR; and did not change LV pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations compared with the control group. Fish oil protected the heart from ischaemia, as indicated by the decrease in the heart infarction area and systolic dysfunction associated with increased LV ATP concentrations and maintenance of the coronary blood flow with no change in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.
本研究的核心问题是什么？我们研究了鱼油预处理是否能预防心脏缺血性损伤的主要后果。主要发现及其重要性是什么？鱼油预处理减轻了缺血性损伤的后果，表现为梗死面积小、收缩功能和冠状动脉血流得以保留。这些发现支持使用鱼油以减轻心脏缺血的影响。富含ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3 PUFA）的鱼油补充剂对心脏缺血性损伤具有保护作用。通过永久结扎左冠状动脉在大鼠中诱导左心室（LV）缺血。在诱导缺血前20天，每天通过灌胃给予生理盐水、鱼油或大豆油[3 g/（kg体重）]。在左冠状动脉结扎后24小时评估结果。鱼油预处理降低了左心室中ω-6/ω-3脂肪酸的比例。通过超声心动图评估发现，与生理盐水或大豆油组相比，鱼油组的梗死面积减小，心室收缩功能障碍的强度降低。在梗死前，与生理盐水组相比，鱼油组左心室糖原浓度降低。大豆油预处理导致心脏梗死诱导的左心室CINC-2/αβ、IL-1β和TNF-α水平进一步升高。在心肌梗死大鼠中，鱼油预处理降低了肌酸激酶和半胱天冬酶-3的活性；防止了冠状动脉血流的减少；增加了左心室ATP和乳酸的含量；通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）测量，增加了左心室中诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）、缺氧诱导因子1α（HIF1α）、葡萄糖转运蛋白1（GLUT1）、血管内皮生长因子-α（VEGF-α）和p53的mRNA水平；与对照组相比，未改变左心室促炎细胞因子浓度。鱼油保护心脏免受缺血影响，表现为心脏梗死面积减小和收缩功能障碍减轻，同时左心室ATP浓度增加，冠状动脉血流得以维持，促炎细胞因子水平无变化。
