Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2017 Oct;167:16-23. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.09.001. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
The telomere protects against genomic instability by minimizing the accelerated end resection of the genetic material, a phenomenon that results in severe chromosome instability that could favor the transformation of a cell by enabling the emergence of tumor-promoting mutations. Some mechanisms that avoid this fate, such as capping and loop formation, have been very well characterized; however, telomeric non-coding transcripts, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), should also be considered in this context because they play roles in the organization of telomere dynamics, involving processes such as replication, degradation, extension, and heterochromatin stabilization. Although the mechanism through which the expression of telomeric transcripts regulates telomere dynamics is not yet clear, a non-coding RNA component opens the research options in telomere biology and the impact that it can have on telomere-associated diseases such as cancer.
端粒通过最小化遗传物质的加速末端切除来保护基因组的稳定性，这种现象会导致严重的染色体不稳定，从而通过促进肿瘤促进突变的出现而有利于细胞的转化。一些避免这种命运的机制，如加帽和环形成，已经得到了很好的描述；然而，端粒非编码转录物，如长非编码 RNA（lncRNA），也应该在这种情况下考虑，因为它们在端粒动力学的组织中发挥作用，涉及复制、降解、延伸和异染色质稳定等过程。尽管端粒转录物表达调节端粒动力学的机制尚不清楚，但非编码 RNA 成分为端粒生物学的研究提供了更多的选择，以及它对端粒相关疾病（如癌症）的影响。
