Ngwa Hilary Afeseh, Ay Muhammet, Jin Huajun, Anantharam Vellareddy, Kanthasamy Arthi, Kanthasamy Anumantha G
Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, 2062 College of Veterinary Medicine Building, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Adv Neurobiol. 2017;18:287-301. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-60189-2_14.
Vanadium (V) is a transition metal that presents in multiple oxidation states and numerous inorganic compounds and is also an ultra-trace element considered to be essential for most living organisms. Despite being one of the lightest metals, V offers high structural strength and good corrosion resistance and thus has been widely adopted for high-strength steel manufacturing. High doses of V exposure are toxic, and inhalation exposure to V adversely affects the respiratory system. The neurotoxicological properties of V are just beginning to be identified. Recent studies by our group and others demonstrate the neurotoxic potential of this metal in the nigrostriatal system and other parts of the central nervous system (CNS). The neurotoxic effects of V have been mainly attributed to its ability to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is noteworthy that the neurotoxicity induced by occupational V exposure commonly occurs with co-exposure to other metals, especially manganese (Mn). This review focuses on the chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, and neurotoxicity of V.
钒（V）是一种过渡金属，以多种氧化态存在于众多无机化合物中，也是一种超微量元素，被认为对大多数生物至关重要。尽管钒是最轻的金属之一，但它具有较高的结构强度和良好的耐腐蚀性，因此已被广泛用于高强度钢的制造。高剂量接触钒具有毒性，吸入钒会对呼吸系统产生不利影响。钒的神经毒理学特性才刚刚开始被发现。我们小组和其他研究团队最近的研究表明，这种金属在黑质纹状体系统和中枢神经系统（CNS）的其他部位具有神经毒性潜力。钒的神经毒性作用主要归因于其诱导活性氧（ROS）生成的能力。值得注意的是，职业性接触钒引起的神经毒性通常与同时接触其他金属，尤其是锰（Mn）有关。本综述重点关注钒的化学、药理学、毒理学和神经毒性。
