Sarah Cannon Research Institute UK, London, UK.
Department of Hematology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2017 Oct;15(5):499-506. doi: 10.1007/s11914-017-0399-3.
Herein we dissect mechanisms behind the dissemination of cancer cells from primary tumor site to the bone marrow, which are necessary for metastasis development, with a specific focus on multiple myeloma.
The ability of tumor cells to invade vessels and reach the systemic circulation is a fundamental process for metastasis development; however, the interaction between clonal cells and the surrounding microenvironment is equally important for supporting colonization, survival, and growth in the secondary sites of dissemination. The intrinsic propensity of tumor cells to recognize a favorable milieu where to establish secondary growth is the basis of the "seed and soil" theory. This theory assumes that certain tumor cells (the "seeds") have a specific affinity for the milieu of certain organs (the "soil"). Recent literature has highlighted the important contributions of the vascular niche to the hospitable "soil" within the bone marrow. In this review, we discuss the crucial role of stromal cells and endothelial cells in supporting primary growth, homing, and metastasis to the bone marrow, in the context of multiple myeloma, a plasma cell malignancy with the unique propensity to primarily grow and metastasize to the bone marrow.
本文旨在剖析癌细胞从原发性肿瘤部位扩散到骨髓的机制，这些机制对于转移的发展是必要的，特别是多发性骨髓瘤。
肿瘤细胞侵袭血管并进入全身循环的能力是转移发展的基本过程；然而，克隆细胞与周围微环境的相互作用对于支持在继发性播散部位的定植、存活和生长同样重要。肿瘤细胞识别有利于建立继发性生长的有利环境的内在倾向是“种子和土壤”理论的基础。该理论假设某些肿瘤细胞（“种子”）对特定器官的微环境（“土壤”）具有特定的亲和力。最近的文献强调了血管生态位对骨髓中有利“土壤”的重要贡献。在本文综述中，我们讨论了基质细胞和内皮细胞在支持多发性骨髓瘤等浆细胞瘤原发性生长、归巢和转移到骨髓中的关键作用，多发性骨髓瘤具有首先在骨髓中生长和转移的独特倾向。
