Shen Chwan-Li, Klein Annika, Chin Kok-Yong, Mo Huanbiao, Tsai Peihsuan, Yang Rong-Sen, Chyu Ming-Chien, Ima-Nirwana Soelaiman
Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.
Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2017 Aug;1401(1):150-165. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13449.
Osteoporosis, a degenerative bone disease, is characterized by low bone mass and microstructural deterioration of bone tissue resulting in aggravated bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures. The trend of extended life expectancy is accompanied by a rise in the prevalence of osteoporosis and concomitant complications in the elderly population. Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between vitamin E consumption and the prevention of age-related bone loss in elderly women and men. Animal studies show that ingestion of vitamin E, especially tocotrienols, may benefit bone health in terms of maintaining higher bone mineral density and improving bone microstructure and quality. The beneficial effects of tocotrienols on bone health appear to be mediated via antioxidant/anti-inflammatory pathways and/or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A mechanisms. We discuss (1) an overview of the prevalence and etiology of osteoporosis, (2) types of vitamin E (tocopherols versus tocotrienols), (3) findings of tocotrienols and bone health from published in vitro and animal studies, (4) possible mechanisms involved in bone protection, and (5) challenges and future direction for research.
骨质疏松症是一种退行性骨病，其特征是骨量低和骨组织微结构退化，导致骨脆性增加和骨折易感性增强。预期寿命延长的趋势伴随着老年人群中骨质疏松症患病率及其相关并发症的上升。流行病学证据表明，摄入维生素E与预防老年女性和男性与年龄相关的骨质流失之间存在关联。动物研究表明，摄入维生素E，尤其是生育三烯酚，可能有助于维持较高的骨矿物质密度，改善骨微结构和质量，从而有益于骨骼健康。生育三烯酚对骨骼健康的有益作用似乎是通过抗氧化/抗炎途径和/或3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A机制介导的。我们讨论了：（1）骨质疏松症的患病率和病因概述；（2）维生素E的类型（生育酚与生育三烯酚）；（3）已发表的体外和动物研究中生育三烯酚与骨骼健康的研究结果；（4）骨骼保护可能涉及的机制；以及（5）研究面临的挑战和未来方向。
