Mohapatra Sidhiprada, Shaikh Alfiya, Nayak Priyanka, Navada Rajesh
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Udupi, Karnataka, India.
Postgraduate Student, Department of Exercise and Sports Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Udupi, Karnataka, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jul;11(7):LC11-LC17. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/28960.10280. Epub 2017 Jul 1.
Globalization and urbanization have resulted in an increased demand on sand dredging. Legal and environmental restrictions on automated dredging have led to a rise in manual technique. The working techniques and environment involved in manual sand dredging may expose the workers to multiple work related disorders.
To determine the health risks and occupational hazards involved in manual sand dredging.
An assessment schedule was developed and content was validated by five experts for the study. A cross-sectional study was then conducted using this assessment schedule. Thirty manual sand dredgers were recruited from three randomly selected docks on Swarna riverbed in Udupi district, Karnataka, India. A detailed work and worksite assessments were conducted using systematic observation and close-ended questions. Work-related health risk evaluation included onsite-evaluation and self-reported health complains.
The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and discomfort was 93.34% with lower back (70%), shoulder (56.7%) and neck (46.7%) involvements being most common regions. Prevalence of sensory deficits at multiple site and ear pain was 66.6% and 76.6% respectively. All the workers recruited, complained of dermatological and ophthalmic involvements. Also, lack of health and safety measures like personal protective devices and security schemes were identified.
This study shows a high prevalence of multiple work-related disorders and hazards involved in manual sand dredging, a highly demanding job in coastal Karnataka. Lack of health and safety measures were also identified.
全球化和城市化导致对采砂的需求增加。对自动化疏浚的法律和环境限制促使手工技术的使用有所增加。手工采砂所涉及的工作技术和环境可能使工人面临多种与工作相关的疾病。
确定手工采砂所涉及的健康风险和职业危害。
制定了一份评估表，并由五位专家对其内容进行了验证以用于该研究。然后使用此评估表进行了一项横断面研究。从印度卡纳塔克邦乌度皮区斯瓦纳河床的三个随机选取的码头招募了30名手工采砂工人。使用系统观察和封闭式问题进行了详细的工作和工作场所评估。与工作相关的健康风险评估包括现场评估和自我报告的健康问题。
肌肉骨骼疼痛和不适的患病率为93.34%，其中下背部（70%）、肩部（56.7%）和颈部（46.7%）受累最为常见。多个部位感觉缺陷和耳部疼痛的患病率分别为66.6%和76.6%。所有招募的工人都抱怨有皮肤和眼部问题。此外，还发现缺乏个人防护设备和安全计划等健康和安全措施。
本研究表明，在卡纳塔克邦沿海地区要求极高的手工采砂工作中，多种与工作相关的疾病和危害的患病率很高。还发现了健康和安全措施的缺失。
