Wang Xinghua, Peng Yong, Yi Shengen
1 School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.
2 Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases and Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2017 Nov;231(11):997-1011. doi: 10.1177/0954411917723674. Epub 2017 Sep 11.
To investigate the differences of the head impact responses between bicyclists and motorcyclists in vehicle collisions. A series of vehicle-bicycle and vehicle-motorcycle lateral impact simulations on four vehicle types at seven vehicle speeds (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 km/h) and three two-wheeler moving speeds (5, 7.5 and 10 km/h for bicycle, 10, 12.5 and 15 km/h for motorcycle) were established based on PC-Crash software. To further comprehensively explore the differences, additional impact scenes with other initial conditions, such as impact angle (0, π/3, 2π/3 and π) and impact position (left, middle and right part of vehicle front-end), also were supplemented. And then, extensive comparisons were accomplished with regard to average head peak linear acceleration, average head impact speed, average head peak angular acceleration, average head peak angular speed and head injury severity. The results showed there were prominent differences of kinematics and body postures for bicyclists and motorcyclists even under same impact conditions. The variations of bicyclist head impact responses with the changing of impact conditions were a far cry from that of motorcyclists. The average head peak linear acceleration, average head impact speed and average head peak angular acceleration values were higher for motorcyclists than for bicyclists in most cases, while the bicyclists received greater average head peak angular speed values. And the head injuries of motorcyclists worsened faster with increased vehicle speed. The results may provide even deeper understanding of two-wheeler safety and contribute to improve the public health affected by road traffic accidents.
为了研究在车辆碰撞中骑自行车者和骑摩托车者头部撞击反应的差异。基于PC-Crash软件，针对四种车型、七种车速（30、35、40、45、50、55和60公里/小时）以及三种两轮车行驶速度（自行车为5、7.5和10公里/小时，摩托车为10、12.5和15公里/小时）进行了一系列车辆-自行车和车辆-摩托车侧面碰撞模拟。为了进一步全面探究差异，还补充了其他初始条件的碰撞场景，如碰撞角度（0、π/3、2π/3和π）以及碰撞位置（车辆前端的左、中、右部分）。然后，对平均头部峰值线性加速度、平均头部撞击速度、平均头部峰值角加速度、平均头部峰值角速度和头部损伤严重程度进行了广泛比较。结果表明，即使在相同的碰撞条件下，骑自行车者和骑摩托车者的运动学和身体姿势也存在显著差异。骑自行车者头部撞击反应随碰撞条件变化的情况与骑摩托车者的情况大不相同。在大多数情况下，骑摩托车者的平均头部峰值线性加速度、平均头部撞击速度和平均头部峰值角加速度值高于骑自行车者，而骑自行车者的平均头部峰值角速度值更大。并且，随着车速增加，骑摩托车者的头部损伤恶化得更快。这些结果可能有助于更深入地理解两轮车安全问题，并有助于改善受道路交通事故影响的公众健康状况。
