Morini Luca, Bernini Marzia, Vezzoli Sara, Restori Mario, Moretti Matteo, Crenna Stefano, Papa Pietro, Locatelli Carlo, Osculati Antonio Marco Maria, Vignali Claudia, Groppi Angelo
Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Forlanini, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedale Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Forensic Sci Int. 2017 Oct;279:e1-e6. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.08.028. Epub 2017 Sep 5.
A teenager male was found dead in a waterway after he was spotted jumping off into the water stream. The boy looked agitated and confused after a party with friends. At the gathering place, investigators seized packages of blotter papers. A complete autopsy and a histological evaluation of the main tissues were performed; although the death occurred by drowning, the prosecutor requested toxicological exams, in order to evaluate the potential role of drugs of abuse in the episode. Blood (both peripheral and central) and urine samples as well as seized blotter papers were collected and analyzed as follows. The blotter paper, analyzed through a GC-MS method, revealed the presence of 25-NBOMes. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) system was used to identify and quantify 5 different 25-NBOMes (namely 25B-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, 25D-NBOMe, 25H-NBOMe, 25I-NBOMe) in blood and urine. 25E-NBOMe was used as internal standard (IS). 1mL of urine and 1mL of blood (both peripheral and cardiac) were diluted in 2mL phosphate buffer at pH 6.0, containing IS and purified on a solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. LOD and LOQ for the five 25-NBOMes were calculated at 0.05 and 0.1ng/mL respectively. Linearity, accuracy, precision, ion suppression, carry over and recovery were tested and all parameters fulfilled the acceptance criteria. Blood and urine provided positive results for 25C-NBOMe and 25H-NBOMe. Eventually, the seized blotter papers were analyzed by means of LC-MS/MS and the presence of the two NBOMes was confirmed: 25C-NBOMe and 25H-NBOMe were measured at the concentration of 2.80 and 0.29ng/mL in peripheral blood, of 1.43 and 0.13ng/mL in central blood and of 0.94 and 0.14ng/mL in urine, respectively. THC and THCCOOH were also detected in biological fluids, at the concentration of 15.5 and 56.0ng/mL in peripheral blood, 9.9 and 8.5ng/mL in central blood, respectively. NBOMes can produce severe hallucination even at very low doses, and the 25C-NBOMe levels measured in the subject's blood are considered potentially toxic.
一名青少年男性在被发现跳入水流后死于一条水道。在与朋友聚会后，这名男孩看起来烦躁不安且神情困惑。在聚会地点，调查人员查获了几包吸墨纸。对主要组织进行了完整的尸检和组织学评估；尽管死亡原因是溺水，但检察官要求进行毒理学检查，以评估滥用药物在该事件中可能起到的作用。采集了血液（外周血和中心血）、尿液样本以及查获的吸墨纸，并进行如下分析。通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）方法分析吸墨纸，发现其中含有25 - NBOMes。使用液相色谱串联质谱（LC - MS/MS）系统对血液和尿液中的5种不同的25 - NBOMes（即25B - NBOMe、25C - NBOMe、25D - NBOMe、25H - NBOMe、25I - NBOMe）进行鉴定和定量。以25E - NBOMe作为内标（IS）。将1mL尿液和1mL血液（外周血和心脏血）在含有内标的2mL pH 6.0的磷酸盐缓冲液中稀释，并在固相萃取（SPE）柱上进行纯化。5种25 - NBOMes的检测限（LOD）和定量限（LOQ）分别计算为0.05和0.1ng/mL。对线性、准确度、精密度、离子抑制、残留和回收率进行了测试，所有参数均符合验收标准。血液和尿液中25C - NBOMe和25H - NBOMe检测呈阳性。最终，通过LC - MS/MS对查获的吸墨纸进行分析，确认了这两种NBOMes的存在：外周血中25C - NBOMe和25H - NBOMe的浓度分别为2.80和0.29ng/mL，中心血中为1.43和0.13ng/mL，尿液中为0.94和0.14ng/mL。在生物体液中还检测到了四氢大麻酚（THC）和四氢大麻酸（THCCOOH），外周血中的浓度分别为15.5和56.0ng/mL，中心血中分别为9.9和8.5ng/mL。NBOMes即使在非常低的剂量下也会产生严重的幻觉，在该受试者血液中测得的25C - NBOMe水平被认为具有潜在毒性。
