Jiang Nan, Tian Haihua, Pan Jinchang, Gong Zhaohui
Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2017 Jun 25;33(6):910-922. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.160463.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in vital life processes of gene expression, epigenetic regulation and X-chromosome inactivation. lncRNAs are also closely associated with tumor initiation and progression. Moreover, lncRNAs may enter human circulation system in the form of microvesicle or exosome, or in combination with RNA binding protein. Interestingly, the circulating lncRNAs are widely existed in body fluids, such as blood and urine. We review the origin of circulating lncRNAs, and the detection methods as potential biomarkers. We focus on the early diagnosis value of circulating lncRNAs as tumor biomarkers in lung, breast, gastric, liver, colorectal and prostate cancers. Compared with the traditional biomarkers, the circulating lncRNAs show the unique advantages and clinical values as novel biomarkers.
长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）参与基因表达、表观遗传调控和X染色体失活等重要生命过程。lncRNAs还与肿瘤的发生和发展密切相关。此外，lncRNAs可能以微泡或外泌体的形式，或与RNA结合蛋白结合进入人体循环系统。有趣的是，循环lncRNAs广泛存在于血液和尿液等体液中。我们综述了循环lncRNAs的来源及其作为潜在生物标志物的检测方法。我们重点关注循环lncRNAs作为肿瘤生物标志物在肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和前列腺癌中的早期诊断价值。与传统生物标志物相比，循环lncRNAs作为新型生物标志物具有独特的优势和临床价值。
