Bolha Luka, Ravnik-Glavač Metka, Glavač Damjan
Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Dis Markers. 2017;2017:7243968. doi: 10.1155/2017/7243968. Epub 2017 May 29.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a relatively well-characterized class of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules, involved in the regulation of various cell processes, including transcription, intracellular trafficking, and chromosome remodeling. Their deregulation has been associated with the development and progression of various cancer types, the fact which makes them suitable as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In recent years, detection of cancer-associated lncRNAs in body fluids of cancer patients has proven itself as an especially valuable method to effectively diagnose cancer. Cancer diagnosis and prognosis employing circulating lncRNAs are preferential when compared to classical biopsies of tumor tissues, especially due to their noninvasiveness, and have great potential for routine usage in clinical practice. Thus, this review focuses on summarizing the perspectives of lncRNAs as biomarkers in cancer, based on evaluating their expression profiles determined in body fluids of cancer patients.
长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）是一类特征相对明确的非编码RNA（ncRNA）分子，参与多种细胞过程的调控，包括转录、细胞内运输和染色体重塑。它们的失调与多种癌症类型的发生和发展有关，这一事实使其适合作为癌症诊断和预后的生物标志物。近年来，在癌症患者体液中检测与癌症相关的lncRNAs已被证明是一种有效诊断癌症的特别有价值的方法。与传统的肿瘤组织活检相比，利用循环lncRNAs进行癌症诊断和预后评估更具优势，尤其是因其具有非侵入性，在临床实践中有很大的常规应用潜力。因此，本综述基于评估在癌症患者体液中确定的lncRNAs表达谱，着重总结lncRNAs作为癌症生物标志物的前景。
