Smarkusz Joanna, Ostrowska Lucyna, Witczak-Sawczuk Katarzyna
Medical University of Bialystok, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Bialystok, Poland
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2017;68(3):229-235.
A diet, individually customized to the needs of sportsmen and sportswomen prepares them better for competition and achievement of better sports results. However, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and frequently recurrent upper respiratory tract infections pose a common problem observed among athletes of disciplines such as triathlon, cycling and marathon. Diarrhea, splashing in the intestines or gastrointestinal bleeding make it difficult to start and win in the race. Recently researchers have paid special attention to the therapeutic effect of probiotic strains on the human body. Various probiotic strains may have a beneficial effect on elimination of disorders mentioned above among athletes of these disciplines. Still, researchers continue looking for answers to the question how a specific probiotic strain is able to reduce the risk of the gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory system disorders appearing during training or competition. Attention is also drawn to the possible impact of probiotics on the physical capacity athletes and their athletic performance. Probiotic strains properly applied may have a positive influence on the athletes’ bodies, but still randomized controlled trials are required to prove this thesis.
根据男女运动员的需求进行个性化定制的饮食，能让他们更好地为比赛做好准备，并取得更好的运动成绩。然而，胃肠道疾病和频繁复发的上呼吸道感染是铁人三项、自行车和马拉松等项目的运动员中常见的问题。腹泻、肠道咕噜作响或胃肠道出血会使运动员难以起跑并赢得比赛。最近，研究人员特别关注益生菌菌株对人体的治疗作用。各种益生菌菌株可能对消除这些项目运动员的上述疾病有有益作用。尽管如此，研究人员仍在继续寻找答案，即特定的益生菌菌株如何能够降低训练或比赛期间出现胃肠道和呼吸系统疾病的风险。人们还关注益生菌对运动员身体能力及其运动表现的可能影响。正确应用益生菌菌株可能对运动员的身体有积极影响，但仍需要随机对照试验来证明这一论点。
