García-Hermoso Antonio, Ramírez-Vélez Robinson, Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo, Izquierdo Mikel
1 Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile , USACH, Santiago, Chile .
2 Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física "CEMA", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá D.C, Colombia .
Rejuvenation Res. 2018 Aug;21(4):333-340. doi: 10.1089/rej.2017.1984. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
Health behaviors and risk factors are independently related with cognitive function in older adults. This study aimed at examining the prevalence and relationship between cognitive function and a number of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics in older adults from the 2009 to 2010 Chilean National Health Survey. Data from 460 older adults (mean age 73.5 years old, 59.3% women) from the 2009 to 2010 Chilean Health Survey were analyzed. Ideal CVH was defined as meeting the ideal levels of the following components: four behaviors (smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and diet adherence) and three factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose). Older adults were grouped into three categories according to their number of ideal CVH metrics: ideal (5-7 metrics), intermediate (3-4 metrics), and poor (0-2 metrics). Cognitive function was assessed by using the modified Mini-Mental Status Examination (mMMSE). Of the 460 participants, 2% had 0 ideal metrics, 11.3% had 1, 23.9% had 2, 32.2% had 3, 20.7% had 4, 9.6% had 5, 0.4% had 6, and 0% had 7. Cognitive function was greater in older adults who met the ideal smoking, physical activity, and fasting blood glucose criteria. Logistic regression analysis suggested that ideal physical activity (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.411 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.209-0.807) and smoking (OR = 0.429 95% CI, 0.095-0.941) behaviors reduced the likelihood of cognitive impairment. Moreover, compared with a poor profile (0-2 metrics), an intermediate (3-4 metrics) (OR = 0.221 95% CI, 0.024-0.911) and ideal CVH profile (5-7 metrics) (OR = 0.106 95% CI, 0.013-0.864) reduced the likelihood of cognitive impairment. We found that intermediate and ideal profiles were associated with a similarly low prevalence of cognitive impairment in Chilean older adults.
健康行为和风险因素与老年人的认知功能独立相关。本研究旨在通过2009 - 2010年智利全国健康调查，调查老年人认知功能与一系列理想心血管健康（CVH）指标之间的患病率及关系。分析了来自2009 - 2010年智利健康调查的460名老年人（平均年龄73.5岁，女性占59.3%）的数据。理想CVH被定义为符合以下各项的理想水平：四种行为（吸烟、体重指数、身体活动和饮食依从性）和三个因素（总胆固醇、血压和空腹血糖）。根据理想CVH指标的数量，老年人被分为三类：理想（5 - 7项指标）、中等（3 - 4项指标）和较差（0 - 2项指标）。使用改良的简易精神状态检查表（mMMSE）评估认知功能。在460名参与者中，2%的人有0项理想指标，11.3%的人有1项，23.9%的人有2项，32.2%的人有3项，20.7%的人有4项，9.6%的人有5项，0.4%的人有6项，0%的人有7项。符合理想吸烟、身体活动和空腹血糖标准的老年人认知功能更好。逻辑回归分析表明，理想的身体活动（比值比[OR]=0.411，95%置信区间[95%CI]，0.209 - 0.807）和吸烟行为（OR = 0.429，95%CI，0.095 - 0.941）可降低认知障碍的可能性。此外，与较差的健康状况（0 - 2项指标）相比，中等（3 - 4项指标）（OR = 0.221，95%CI，0.024 - 0.911）和理想的CVH状况（5 - 7项指标）（OR = 0.106，95%CI，0.013 - 0.864）可降低认知障碍的可能性。我们发现，在智利老年人中，中等和理想的健康状况与认知障碍的低患病率相似。
