Herman J B, Brotman A W, Rosenbaum J F
Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1987 Oct;48 Suppl:22-8.
Rebound--the relative worsening of symptoms on discontinuation of treatment as compared to baseline symptoms--is distinguished from withdrawal. Case reports and a clinical study are presented to illustrate the management of patients with panic disorder who are taking short- and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines and are experiencing rebound anxiety. The authors present the results of switching over to clonazepam 48 patients with panic disorder who were experiencing rebound effects with alprazolam. Eighty-two percent (39) of the patients rated clonazepam as being "better" than alprazolam due to decreased dosing frequency and lack of interdose anxiety. The authors conclude that clonazepam can be a useful alternative to alprazolam and other short-acting benzodiazepines in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Clonazepam offers the advantage of antipanic efficacy without the relative side effect problems seen with tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
撤药反应——与基线症状相比,治疗中断时症状相对恶化——有别于戒断反应。本文通过病例报告和一项临床研究来说明对服用短效和中效苯二氮䓬类药物且出现撤药反应性焦虑的惊恐障碍患者的管理。作者呈现了48例服用阿普唑仑出现撤药反应的惊恐障碍患者换用氯硝西泮的结果。82%(39例)的患者认为氯硝西泮比阿普唑仑“更好”,原因是给药频率降低且无剂量间期焦虑。作者得出结论,在治疗焦虑症方面,氯硝西泮可以作为阿普唑仑和其他短效苯二氮䓬类药物的有效替代药物。氯硝西泮具有抗惊恐疗效的优势,且没有三环类抗抑郁药和单胺氧化酶抑制剂所具有的相对副作用问题。