Zheng Jincheng, Cheng Xiongbin, Hoffmann Ary A, Zhang Bo, Ma Chun-Sen
Group of Climate Change Biology, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
J Insect Physiol. 2017 Oct;102:36-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.09.004. Epub 2017 Sep 9.
Thermal stress at one life stage can affect fitness at a later stage in ectotherms with complex life cycles. Most relevant studies have focused on extreme stress levels, but here we also show substantial fitness effects in a moth when pupae are exposed to a relatively mild and sublethal heat stress. We consider the impact of a 35°C heat stress of 2h in three geographically separate populations of the oriental fruit moth (OFM, Grapholita molesta) from northern, middle and southern China. Heat stress negatively affected fecundity but increased adult heat resistance and adult longevity. Fitness effects were mostly consistent across populations but there were also some population differences. In the Shenyang population from northern China, there was a hormetic effect of heat on female longevity not evident in the other populations. Adults from all populations had higher LTs due to heat stress after pupal exposure to the sublethal stress. These results highlight that the pupal stage is a particularly sensitive window for development and they have implications for seasonal adaptation in uncertain environments as well as changes in pest dynamics under climate warming.
在具有复杂生命周期的变温动物中，一个生命阶段的热应激会影响其后期的适合度。大多数相关研究都集中在极端应激水平上，但在此我们也表明，当蛾蛹暴露于相对温和的亚致死热应激时，也会对蛾产生显著的适合度影响。我们研究了来自中国北方、中部和南部三个地理隔离种群的东方果实蛾（OFM，桃小食心虫）在35°C下2小时热应激的影响。热应激对繁殖力有负面影响，但提高了成虫的耐热性和寿命。适合度影响在种群间大多一致，但也存在一些种群差异。在中国北方的沈阳种群中，热对雌性寿命有 hormetic 效应，而在其他种群中不明显。所有种群的成虫在蛹期暴露于亚致死应激后，由于热应激都有较高的致死温度（LTs）。这些结果突出表明蛹期是发育的一个特别敏感的窗口，它们对不确定环境中的季节性适应以及气候变暖下害虫动态的变化具有启示意义。
